How to format your references using the Journal of Cancer Research and Practice citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Cancer Research and Practice. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kargel JS. Enceladus: cosmic gymnast, volatile miniworld. Science. 2006;311(5766):1389-1391.

A journal article with 2 authors

Waddell S, Quinn WG. Neurobiology. Learning how a fruit fly forgets. Science. 2001;293(5533):1271-1272.

A journal article with 3 authors

Hunt GR, Corballis MC, Gray RD. Animal behaviour: Laterality in tool manufacture by crows. Nature. 2001;414(6865):707.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Rosebrock TR, Zeng L, Brady JJ, Abramovitch RB, Xiao F, Martin GB. A bacterial E3 ubiquitin ligase targets a host protein kinase to disrupt plant immunity. Nature. 2007;448(7151):370-374.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bisswanger H. Enzymkinetik. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2005.

An edited book

Ammari K. Stabilization of Elastic Systems by Collocated Feedback. Vol 2124. (Nicaise S, ed.). Springer International Publishing; 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

Reichenbächer M, Popp J. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (NMR). In: Popp J, ed. Challenges in Molecular Structure Determination. Springer; 2012:215-312.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Cancer Research and Practice.

Blog post

Andrew E. Fruit Flies Know How To Sniff Out Antioxidants. IFLScience. February 9, 2015. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/fruit-flies-know-how-sniff-out-antioxidants/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. English Language Learning: Diverse Federal and State Efforts to Support Adult English Language Learning Could Benefit from More Coordination. U.S. Government Printing Office; 2009.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Thompson P. An Exploratory Study of Work-Related Imagined Interactions with Real-Life Coworkers. Doctoral dissertation. Pepperdine University; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Branch J. Turning His Back on Football. New York Times. August 30, 2017:B9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Cancer Research and Practice
Abbreviation	J. Canc. Res. Pr.
ISSN (print)	2311-3006
Scope