How to format your references using the Journal of Bridge Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Bridge Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Joenje, H. 2011. “Metabolism: alcohol, DNA and disease.” Nature, 475 (7354): 45–46.

A journal article with 2 authors

Liu, Y., and H. Yan. 2009. “Chemistry. Designer curvature.” Science, 325 (5941): 685–686.

A journal article with 3 authors

Komarova, N. L., D. N. Levy, and D. Wodarz. 2013. “Synaptic transmission and the susceptibility of HIV infection to anti-viral drugs.” Sci. Rep., 3: 2103.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Burguillos, M. A., T. Deierborg, E. Kavanagh, A. Persson, N. Hajji, A. Garcia-Quintanilla, J. Cano, P. Brundin, E. Englund, J. L. Venero, and B. Joseph. 2011. “Caspase signalling controls microglia activation and neurotoxicity.” Nature, 472 (7343): 319–324.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bobrow, J., E. Kohn, J. Mondragon-Gilmore, and J. Eggenschwiler. 2009. CliffsNotes® Praxis I®: PPST®. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley Publishing, Inc.

An edited book

Kiayias, A., and H. Lipmaa (Eds.). 2012. E-Voting and Identity: Third International Conference, VoteID 2011, Tallinn, Estonia, September 28-30, 2011, Revised Selected Papers. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Zühlke, D., G. Grunst, and K. Röser. 2015. “Cooperative Feature Selection in Personalized Medicine.” Decision Making: Uncertainty, Imperfection, Deliberation and Scalability, Studies in Computational Intelligence, T. V. Guy, M. Kárný, and D. H. Wolpert, eds., 119–144. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Bridge Engineering.

Blog post

Andrew, E. 2015. “Venus Encounters The Moon Before Dawn.” IFLScience. IFLScience. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/space/venus-encounters-moon-dawn/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1980. The Law Enforcement Education Program Is in Serious Financial Disarray. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Bai, J. 2012. “Development and validation of the acculturative stress scale for Chinese College Students in the United States (ASSCS).” Doctoral dissertation. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Bernstein, N. 2014. “Medicaid Shift Fuels Rush for Profitable Clients.” New York Times, May 9, 2014.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Joenje 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Joenje 2011; Liu and Yan 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Liu and Yan 2009)
Three or more authors: (Burguillos et al. 2011)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Bridge Engineering
Abbreviation	J. Bridge Eng.
ISSN (print)	1084-0702
ISSN (online)	1943-5592
Scope	Civil and Structural Engineering Building and Construction

Research and Writing Guides