How to format your references using the Journal of Bridge Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Bridge Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Knight, J. 2001. “Meet the Herod bug.” Nature, 412 (6842): 12–14.

A journal article with 2 authors

McKee, C. F., and J. C. Tan. 2002. “Massive star formation in 100,000 years from turbulent and pressurized molecular clouds.” Nature, 416 (6876): 59–61.

A journal article with 3 authors

Quinto-Su, P. A., M. Suzuki, and C.-D. Ohl. 2014. “Fast temperature measurement following single laser-induced cavitation inside a microfluidic gap.” Sci. Rep., 4: 5445.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Fernández, M. A., C. Albor, M. Ingelmo-Torres, S. J. Nixon, C. Ferguson, T. Kurzchalia, F. Tebar, C. Enrich, R. G. Parton, and A. Pol. 2006. “Caveolin-1 is essential for liver regeneration.” Science, 313 (5793): 1628–1632.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

DiBattista, M. 2010. Novel Characters. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell.

An edited book

Sorell, M. (Ed.). 2009. Forensics in Telecommunications, Information and Multimedia: Second International Conference, e-Forensics 2009, Adelaide, Australia, January 19-21, 2009, Revised Selected Papers. Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Hamadeh, A., J. Gonçalves, and G.-B. Stan. 2014. “Analysis of Synchronizing Biochemical Networks via Incremental Dissipativity.” A Systems Theoretic Approach to Systems and Synthetic Biology II: Analysis and Design of Cellular Systems, V. V. Kulkarni, G.-B. Stan, and K. Raman, eds., 117–139. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Bridge Engineering.

Blog post

Andrews, R. 2016. “Comet 67P Smells Like Cat Pee, Almonds, And Rotten Eggs.” IFLScience. IFLScience. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/space/comet-67p-smells-like-cat-pee-almonds-and-rotten-eggs/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2012. Passenger Rail Security: Consistent Incident Reporting and Analysis Needed to Achieve Program Objectives. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Stuart, K. 2013. “The Relationship Between Weather and Lunar Changes on Student Achievement and Measures School Districts Utilize to Combat Potential Impact.” Doctoral dissertation. St. Charles, MO: Lindenwood University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey, G. 2010. “Strides, Often Painful, but Always, Always Forward.” New York Times, April 26, 2010.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Knight 2001).
This sentence cites two references (Knight 2001; McKee and Tan 2002).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (McKee and Tan 2002)
Three or more authors: (Fernández et al. 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Bridge Engineering
Abbreviation	J. Bridge Eng.
ISSN (print)	1084-0702
ISSN (online)	1943-5592
Scope	Civil and Structural Engineering Building and Construction