How to format your references using the Journal of Applied Water Engineering and Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of Applied Water Engineering and Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Yang X. 2004. An embryonic nation. Nature. 428(6979):210–212.

A journal article with 2 authors

Löytynoja A, Goldman N. 2008. Phylogeny-aware gap placement prevents errors in sequence alignment and evolutionary analysis. Science. 320(5883):1632–1635.

A journal article with 3 authors

Purdy TP, Peterson RW, Regal CA. 2013. Observation of radiation pressure shot noise on a macroscopic object. Science. 339(6121):801–804.

A journal article with 12 or more authors

Krivitsky LA, Wang JJ, Wang Z, Luk’yanchuk B. 2013. Locomotion of microspheres for super-resolution imaging. Sci Rep. 3:3501.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Braha A, Groza G. 2006. Moderne Abwassertechnik. Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.

An edited book

Ruttkay Z, Kipp M, Nijholt A, Vilhjálmsson HH, editors. 2009. Intelligent Virtual Agents: 9th International Conference, IVA 2009 Amsterdam, The Netherlands, September 14-16, 2009 Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Singh H, Pongubala JMR, Medina KL. 2007. Gene Regulatory Networks that Orchestrate the Development of B Lymphocyte Precursors. In: Gupta S, Alt F, Cooper M, Melchers F, Rajewsky K, editors. Mechanisms of Lymphocyte Activation and Immune Regulation XI: B Cell Biology. Boston, MA: Springer US; p. 57–62.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of Applied Water Engineering and Research.

Blog post

Andrew E. 2015. Sequencing Your Genome Is Becoming An Affordable Reality – But At What Personal Cost? IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2000. Government Performance and Results Act: Information on FAA’s Science Activities in DOT’s Performance Report for Fiscal Year 1999, Performance Plan for FY 2001, and July 2000 Draft Strategic Plan. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Vestergaard EV. 2015. The shadow in Latvian mythological legends: A Jungian perspective [Doctoral dissertation]. Carpinteria, CA: Pacifica Graduate Institute.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Grynbaum MM. 2017. White House Is Fighting A Familiar Foe: The Press. New York Times.:A14.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Yang 2004).
This sentence cites two references (Yang 2004; Löytynoja and Goldman 2008).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Löytynoja and Goldman 2008)
Three or more authors: (Krivitsky et al. 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of Applied Water Engineering and Research
ISSN (online)	2324-9676
Scope