How to format your references using the Journal of 3D Printing in Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Journal of 3D Printing in Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Chakradhar S. Colorectal cancer: 5 big questions. Nature 521(7551), S16 (2015).

A journal article with 2 authors

Barkana R, Loeb A. Spectral signature of cosmological infall of gas around the first quasars. Nature 421(6921), 341–343 (2003).

A journal article with 3 authors

Tuch BB, Li H, Johnson AD. Evolution of eukaryotic transcription circuits. Science 319(5871), 1797–1799 (2008).

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Venkataraman C, Habib G, Eiguren-Fernandez A, Miguel AH, Friedlander SK. Residential biofuels in South Asia: carbonaceous aerosol emissions and climate impacts. Science 307(5714), 1454–1456 (2005).

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Basset P, Blokhina E, Galayko D. Electrostatic Kinetic Energy Harvesting. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ (2016).

An edited book

Manrai AK, Meadow HL (Eds.). Global Perspectives in Marketing for the 21st Century: Proceedings of the 1999 World Marketing Congress. Springer International Publishing, Cham (2015).

A chapter in an edited book

Naterer GF, Dincer I, Zamfirescu C. Thermochemical Water-Splitting Cycles. In: Hydrogen Production from Nuclear Energy. Dincer I, Zamfirescu C (Ed.), Springer, London, 153–272 (2013).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Journal of 3D Printing in Medicine.

Blog post

Andrew E. ‘Scientists Convert Human Skin Cells Into Pain Sensing Nerves’ (2014). https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/scientists-convert-human-skin-cells-pain-sensing-nerves/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. NASA: Issues Surrounding the Transition from the Space Shuttle to the Next Generation of Human Space Flight Systems, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, (2007).

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Terrell S. Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University, Washington, DC, (2010).

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hansen K. Even a Rock Star Has to Be Careful, (2013).

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [2].
This sentence cites two references [2,4].
This sentence cites four references [2,4,6,8].

About the journal

Full journal title	Journal of 3D Printing in Medicine
ISSN (print)	2059-4755
ISSN (online)	2059-4763
Scope