How to format your references using the Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Schiermeier Q. Review panel assails Brussels research bureaucracy. Nature. 2000;406:336.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Rawlins D, Pickering K. Ancient chronology. Astronomical orientation of the pyramids. Nature. 2001;412:699–700.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Vajda V, Raine JI, Hollis CJ. Indication of global deforestation at the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary by New Zealand fern spike. Science. 2001;294:1700–2.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Bhat-Nakshatri P, Goswami CP, Badve S, Sledge GW Jr, Nakshatri H. Identification of FDA-approved drugs targeting breast cancer stem cells along with biomarkers of sensitivity. Sci Rep. 2013;3:2530.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Wasson CS. System Analysis, Design, and Development. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2005.

An edited book

1. Janowitz MF, Dallal D, editors. Tales of Gotham, Historical Archaeology, Ethnohistory and Microhistory of New York City. New York, NY: Springer; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Eaton DJ, Schneider F. Radiation Protection. In: Keshtgar M, Pigott K, Wenz F, editors. Targeted Intraoperative Radiotherapy in Oncology. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2014. p. 37–43.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology.

Blog post

1. O`Callaghan J. Have We Really Discovered A Huge Alien Megastructure Around A Star? [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/have-we-really-discovered-huge-alien-megastructure-around-star/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Space Operations: Testing of NASA’s Technical and Management Information System. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1988 Mar. Report No.: IMTEC-88-28.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Sewell A. A typology of sampling in hip-hop [Doctoral dissertation]. [Bloomington, IN]: Indiana University; 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Williams J, Kovaleski SF. Actor’s Past Surfaces in Prosecutors’ Investigation of Penn State. New York Times. 2016 Oct 28;A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology
Abbreviation	Jpn. J. Ophthalmol.
ISSN (print)	0021-5155
ISSN (online)	1613-2246
Scope	General Medicine Ophthalmology