How to format your references using the Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Hayashi T. Microbiology. Breaking the barrier between commensalism and pathogenicity. Science. 2006;313:772–3.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Taylor AF, Smith GR. RecBCD enzyme is a DNA helicase with fast and slow motors of opposite polarity. Nature. 2003;423:889–93.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Batista CAS, Larson RG, Kotov NA. Nonadditivity of nanoparticle interactions. Science. 2015;350:1242477.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Muramatsu D, Kawata K, Aoki S, Uchiyama H, Okabe M, Miyazaki T, et al. Stimulation with the Aureobasidium pullulans-produced β-glucan effectively induces interferon stimulated genes in macrophage-like cell lines. Sci Rep. 2014;4:4777.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Chen K-H. Power Management Techniques for Integrated Circuit Design. Singapore: John Wiley & Sons Singapore Pte. Ltd; 2016.

An edited book

1. Belafsky PC. The Clinician’s Guide to Swallowing Fluoroscopy. Kuhn MA, editor. New York, NY: Springer; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

1. O’Hern DM, Nozaki Y. Forest Secondary School. In: Nozaki Y, editor. Natural Science Education, Indigenous Knowledge, and Sustainable Development in Rural and Urban Schools in Kenya: Toward Critical Postcolonial Curriculum Policies and Practices. Rotterdam: SensePublishers; 2014. p. 63–85.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. Kangaroo Punches Drone Out Of The Air [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/kangaroo-punches-drone-out-air/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. America COMPETES Act: It Is Too Early to Evaluate Programs Long-Term Effectiveness, but Agencies Could Improve Reporting of High-Risk, High-Reward Research Priorities. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2010 Oct. Report No.: GAO-11-127R.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Kim H. Empathy in the Early Childhood Classroom: Exploring Teachers’ Perceptions, Understanding and Practices [Doctoral dissertation]. [Bloomington, IN]: Indiana University; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Rothenberg B. Roland Garros Is Assured of a First-Time Finalist. New York Times. 2017 Jun 6;B10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology
Abbreviation	Jpn. J. Ophthalmol.
ISSN (print)	0021-5155
ISSN (online)	1613-2246
Scope	General Medicine Ophthalmology