How to format your references using the IZA Journal of Labor Economics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for IZA Journal of Labor Economics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Wang Q (2013) China’s citizens must act to save their environment. Nature 497:159

A journal article with 2 authors

Gribble PL, Scott SH (2002) Overlap of internal models in motor cortex for mechanical loads during reaching. Nature 417:938–941

A journal article with 3 authors

Religa TL, Sprangers R, Kay LE (2010) Dynamic regulation of archaeal proteasome gate opening as studied by TROSY NMR. Science 328:98–102

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Delmo MP, Yamamoto S, Kasai S, et al (2009) Large positive magnetoresistive effect in silicon induced by the space-charge effect. Nature 457:1112–1115

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Huang Q, Jing S, Yi J, Zhen W (2014) Innovative Testing and Measurement Solutions for Smart Grid. John Wiley & Sons, Singapore Pte. Ltd, Singapore

An edited book

Gaj JA, Kossut J (eds) (2010) Introduction to the Physics of Diluted Magnetic Semiconductors. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Xu XM, Jackson D (2012) Cell-to-Cell Movement of Homeodomain Transcription Factors: Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow. In: Kragler F, Hülskamp M (eds) Short and Long Distance Signaling. Springer, New York, NY, pp 87–98

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for IZA Journal of Labor Economics.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) Nepal Earthquake May Have ‘Unzipped’ Fault Line, Boosting Risk Of Future Quake. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1992) NSF Review: Review Process for the National Science Foundation’s Science and Engineering Pipeline Study. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Thigpen LC (2012) Building a concrete foundation: A mixed-method study of teaching styles and the use of concrete, representational, and abstract mathematics instruction. Doctoral dissertation, Capella University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Feeney K (2009) A Cafe That Caters. New York Times NJ9

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Wang 2013).
This sentence cites two references (Gribble and Scott 2002; Wang 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Gribble and Scott 2002)
Three or more authors: (Delmo et al. 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	IZA Journal of Labor Economics
Abbreviation	IZA J. Labor Econ.
ISSN (online)	2193-8997
Scope