How to format your references using the IZA Journal of Labor Economics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for IZA Journal of Labor Economics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Yuan J (2014) Applied physics: Bright electron twisters. Nature 509:37–38

A journal article with 2 authors

Tallis H, Lubchenco J (2014) Working together: A call for inclusive conservation. Nature 515:27–28

A journal article with 3 authors

Solanki SK, Schüssler M, Fligge M (2000) Evolution of the Sun’s large-scale magnetic field since the Maunder minimum. Nature 408:445–447

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Liu Z, Wang Y, Ai X, et al (2014) Photoregenerative I⁻/I₃⁻ couple as a liquid cathode for proton exchange membrane fuel cell. Sci Rep 4:6795

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Schiek B, Rolfes I, Siweris H-J (2005) Noise in High-Frequency Circuits and Oscillators. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Bank R, Holst M, Widlund O, Xu J (eds) (2013) Domain Decomposition Methods in Science and Engineering XX. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Trezzi J-P, Vlassis N, Hiller K (2015) The Role of Metabolomics in the Study of Cancer Biomarkers and in the Development of Diagnostic Tools. In: Scatena R (ed) Advances in Cancer Biomarkers: From biochemistry to clinic for a critical revision. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp 41–57

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for IZA Journal of Labor Economics.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) Diabetes Drug Boosts Fertility In Obese Female Mice. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1994) Air Pollution: FAA’s Reliance on Manufacturers for Jet Engine Emission Testing. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Luong W (2009) An identity building program for American-born children of Southeast Asian refugees. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vlasic B, Chapman MM (2015) Union Vote at Ford and G.M. Ends Painful Process for Big Three. New York Times A24

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Yuan 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Yuan 2014; Tallis and Lubchenco 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Tallis and Lubchenco 2014)
Three or more authors: (Liu et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	IZA Journal of Labor Economics
Abbreviation	IZA J. Labor Econ.
ISSN (online)	2193-8997
Scope