How to format your references using the IZA Journal of Labor Economics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for IZA Journal of Labor Economics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Fialko Y (2006) Interseismic strain accumulation and the earthquake potential on the southern San Andreas fault system. Nature 441:968–971

A journal article with 2 authors

Youle RJ, van der Bliek AM (2012) Mitochondrial fission, fusion, and stress. Science 337:1062–1065

A journal article with 3 authors

Marsh AG, Maxson RE Jr, Manahan DT (2001) High macromolecular synthesis with low metabolic cost in Antarctic sea urchin embryos. Science 291:1950–1952

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Liu M, Montgomery MK, Fiveash CE, et al (2014) PPARα-independent actions of omega-3 PUFAs contribute to their beneficial effects on adiposity and glucose homeostasis. Sci Rep 4:5538

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Wells AR, Chiang K (2017) Monetizing Your Data. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Gilbert-Barness E, Debich-Spicer DE (eds) (2005) Handbook of Pediatric Autopsy Pathology. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ

A chapter in an edited book

Pandey R, Sethi VK, Pandey M, Choubey M (2016) Recent Research and Various Techniques Available for Efficiency Improvement of IGCC Power Plants. In: Dash SS, Bhaskar MA, Panigrahi BK, Das S (eds) Artificial Intelligence and Evolutionary Computations in Engineering Systems: Proceedings of ICAIECES 2015. Springer India, New Delhi, pp 49–58

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for IZA Journal of Labor Economics.

Blog post

Hale T (2017) Chile Creates 11 Million Acres Of New National Parks. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/chile-creates-11-million-acres-of-new-national-parks/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2002) Intercity Passenger Rail: Potential Financial Issues in the Event That Amtrak Undergoes Liquidation. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Sutton LM (2012) Factors Affecting Quality Discourse and Knowledge Construction in an Online University Course. Doctoral dissertation, Northcentral University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Tankersley J (2017) Federal Debt Is Not Reduced By Gains in Market. New York Times B2

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Fialko 2006).
This sentence cites two references (Fialko 2006; Youle and van der Bliek 2012).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Youle and van der Bliek 2012)
Three or more authors: (Liu et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	IZA Journal of Labor Economics
Abbreviation	IZA J. Labor Econ.
ISSN (online)	2193-8997
Scope