How to format your references using the Italian Economic Journal citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Italian Economic Journal. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Watson A (2000) EUROPEAN SPACE AGENCY: Getting More Out of Space. Science 290:1287b

A journal article with 2 authors

Post E, Forchhammer MC (2002) Synchronization of animal population dynamics by large-scale climate. Nature 420:168–171

A journal article with 3 authors

Torres MA, West AJ, Li G (2014) Sulphide oxidation and carbonate dissolution as a source of CO2 over geological timescales. Nature 507:346–349

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Griffin CT, Srinivasan Y, Zheng YW, et al (2001) A role for thrombin receptor signaling in endothelial cells during embryonic development. Science 293:1666–1670

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Stegmann JP (2009) Strategic Value Management. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Colombi Ciacchi A (ed) (2016) Contents and Effects of Contracts-Lessons to Learn From The Common European Sales Law. Springer International Publishing, Cham

A chapter in an edited book

DeFelipe J, Alonso-Nanclares L (2013) The Synapse: Differences Between Men and Women. In: Pfaff DW, Christen Y (eds) Multiple Origins of Sex Differences in Brain: Neuroendocrine Functions and their Pathologies. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 43–57

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Italian Economic Journal.

Blog post

Andrew E (2014) Awesome Flying Car Prototype Unveiled. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/technology/awesome-flying-car-prototype-unveiled/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1998) State Department: Tourist Visa Processing Backlogs Persist at U.S. Consulates. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Naro A (2016) The effects of the structural components of 4-H residential summer programs on the achievement of the essential elements of positive youth development and the acquisition of targeted life skills. Doctoral dissertation, Mississippi State University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Brantley B (2016) Deftly Conjuring the High Magic of Art. New York Times C1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Watson 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Watson 2000; Post and Forchhammer 2002).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Post and Forchhammer 2002)
Three or more authors: (Griffin et al. 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	Italian Economic Journal
Abbreviation	Ital. Econ. J.
ISSN (print)	2199-322X
ISSN (online)	2199-3238
Scope