How to format your references using the Irish Historical Studies citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Irish Historical Studies (IHS). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Keil, Frank C., ‘Psychology. Science starts early’ in Science (New York, N.Y.), cccxxxi, no. 6020 (2011), pp 1022–1023

A journal article with 2 authors

Banfield, Jillian F. and Mark Young, ‘Microbiology. Variety--the splice of life--in microbial communities’ in Science (New York, N.Y.), cccxxvi, no. 5957 (2009), pp 1198–1199

A journal article with 3 authors

Ishii, Hideyuki, Yoshihisa Sakurai and Takeo Maruyama, ‘Effect of soccer shoe upper on ball behaviour in curve kicks’ in Scientific reports, iv (2014), p. 6067

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Weinberg, Zasha, Jonathan Perreault, Michelle M. Meyer and Ronald R. Breaker, ‘Exceptional structured noncoding RNAs revealed by bacterial metagenome analysis’ in Nature, cdlxii, no. 7273 (2009), pp 656–659

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Kissell, Joe, Mac® Security Bible (Indianapolis, IN, USA, 2009)

An edited book

Salzborn, Samuel, Eldad Davidov and Jost Reinecke (eds), Methods, Theories, and Empirical Applications in the Social Sciences (Wiesbaden, 2012)

A chapter in an edited book

Chikhaoui, Belkacem, Shengrui Wang and Hélène Pigot, ‘Activity Recognition in Smart Environments: An Information Retrieval Problem’ in Bessam Abdulrazak, Sylvain Giroux, Bruno Bouchard, Hélène Pigot and Mounir Mokhtari (eds), Toward Useful Services for Elderly and People with Disabilities: 9th International Conference on Smart Homes and Health Telematics, ICOST 2011, Montreal, Canada, June 20-22, 2011. Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2011), pp 33–40

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Irish Historical Studies.

Blog post

Andrew, Elise, ‘Scientists Ready To Witness Milky Way’s Black Hole Consume Giant Gas Cloud’ in IFLScience (2014) (https://www.iflscience.com/space/watch-out-black-hole-hungry/) (30 Oct. 2018)

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Federal Student Loans: Impact of Loan Limit Increases on College Prices Is Difficult to Discern, by Government Accountability Office, GAO-14-7 (Washington, DC, 2014)

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Tsai, Hsin-Yue, ‘Elucidating the Role of Protein Cofactors in RNA Catalysis Using Ribonuclease P as the Model System’ (Doctoral dissertation thesis, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 2006)

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Pilon, Mary, ‘Rare Medal Sweep for the United States’ in New York Times, 14 Feb. 2014, p. B16

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text

About the journal

Full journal title	Irish Historical Studies
Abbreviation	Ir. Hist. Stud.
ISSN (print)	0021-1214
Scope	History