How to format your references using the Inverse Problems in Science and Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Inverse Problems in Science and Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Berry M. Making waves in physics. Three wave singularities from the miraculous 1830s. Nature. 2000;403(6765):21.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Baughn AD, Malamy MH. The strict anaerobe Bacteroides fragilis grows in and benefits from nanomolar concentrations of oxygen. Nature. 2004;427(6973):441–444.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Martin AA, Toth M, Aharonovich I. Subtractive 3D printing of optically active diamond structures. Sci Rep. 2014;4:5022.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

Nakamura I, Hama S, Itakura S, et al. Lipocalin2 as a plasma marker for tumors with hypoxic regions. Sci Rep. 2014;4:7235.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Tyson H. Microsoft® Word 2010 Bible. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2010.

An edited book

[1]

Corradini A, Montanari U, editors. Recent Trends in Algebraic Development Techniques: 19th International Workshop, WADT 2008, Pisa, Italy, June 13-16, 2008, Revised Selected Papers. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Hedin G. An Introductory Tutorial on JastAdd Attribute Grammars. In: Fernandes JM, Lämmel R, Visser J, et al., editors. Generative and Transformational Techniques in Software Engineering III: International Summer School, GTTSE 2009, Braga, Portugal, July 6-11, 2009 Revised Papers. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2011. p. 166–200.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Inverse Problems in Science and Engineering.

Blog post

[1]

O`Callaghan J. There Might Be Another “Stonehenge” In The Amazon [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/there-might-be-another-stonehenge-in-the-amazon/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Information Technology: OMB and Agencies Need to Focus Continued Attention on Eliminating Duplicative Investments. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2013. Report No.: GAO-13-685T. .

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Long KE. Voluntary exiles: Short-term Western expatriates in three Chinese cities [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Rothenberg B. ‘Biggest Fight’ Behind Her, Kvitova Returns Ahead of Schedule. New York Times. 2017 May 26;D6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Inverse Problems in Science and Engineering
Abbreviation	Inverse Probl. Sci. Eng.
ISSN (print)	1741-5977
ISSN (online)	1741-5985
Scope	Computer Science Applications General Engineering Applied Mathematics