How to format your references using the Inverse Problems in Science and Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Inverse Problems in Science and Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Charron DJ. Obituary: Jean Dausset (1916-2009). Nature. 2009;460:338.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Ullman KS, Powers MA. STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY. Locking down the core of the pore. Science. 2015;350:33–34.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Heywood KJ, Naveira Garabato AC, Stevens DP. High mixing rates in the abyssal Southern Ocean. Nature. 2002;415:1011–1014.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

Rancz EA, Ishikawa T, Duguid I, et al. High-fidelity transmission of sensory information by single cerebellar mossy fibre boutons. Nature. 2007;450:1245–1248.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Unmehopa M, Vemuri K, Bennett A. Parlay/OSA. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2006.

An edited book

[1]

Schneider DT, Brecht IB, Olson TA, et al., editors. Rare Tumors In Children and Adolescents. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2012.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Ganapati NE. Linking Development to Disasters in Turkey: Moving Forward After the Marmara Earthquake. In: Kapucu N, Liou KT, editors. Disaster and Development: Examining Global Issues and Cases. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2014. p. 61–78.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Inverse Problems in Science and Engineering.

Blog post

[1]

O`Callaghan J. Discovery Of Oldest Plants Could Rewrite When Complex Life Began On Earth [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2017 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/discovery-of-oldest-plants-could-rewrite-when-complex-life-began-on-earth/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Vehicle Safety: Opportunities Exist to Enhance NHTSA’s New Car Assessment Program. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2005. Report No.: GAO-05-370. .

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Jackson RA. Musculoskeletal Injuries in California Ocean Lifeguards [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Schilling MK. Mother of Invention. New York Times. 2017 Apr 10;M2114.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Inverse Problems in Science and Engineering
Abbreviation	Inverse Probl. Sci. Eng.
ISSN (print)	1741-5977
ISSN (online)	1741-5985
Scope	Computer Science Applications General Engineering Applied Mathematics