How to format your references using the International Nano Letters citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Nano Letters. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Soker, N.: Astronomy. Nebulae around evolved stars. Science. 315, 1086–1087 (2007)

A journal article with 2 authors

Chilingarian, I., Zolotukhin, I.: Galaxy evolution. Isolated compact elliptical galaxies: stellar systems that ran away. Science. 348, 418–421 (2015)

A journal article with 3 authors

Fumagalli, M., O’Meara, J.M., Prochaska, J.X.: Detection of pristine gas two billion years after the Big Bang. Science. 334, 1245–1249 (2011)

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Struck, T.H., Paul, C., Hill, N., Hartmann, S., Hösel, C., Kube, M., Lieb, B., Meyer, A., Tiedemann, R., Purschke, G., Bleidorn, C.: Phylogenomic analyses unravel annelid evolution. Nature. 471, 95–98 (2011)

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Huang, Q., Jing, S., Yi, J., Zhen, W.: Innovative Testing and Measurement Solutions for Smart Grid. John Wiley & Sons, Singapore Pte. Ltd, Singapore (2014)

An edited book

Bahadur, B., Venkat Rajam, M., Sahijram, L., Krishnamurthy, K.V. eds: Plant Biology and Biotechnology: Volume I: Plant Diversity, Organization, Function and Improvement. Springer India, New Delhi (2015)

A chapter in an edited book

Ahmadi Behnam, S., Amyot, D.: Evolution of Goal-Driven Pattern Families for Business Process Modeling. In: Babin, G., Stanoevska-Slabeva, K., and Kropf, P. (eds.) E-Technologies: Transformation in a Connected World: 5th International Conference, MCETECH 2011, Les Diablerets, Switzerland, January 23-26, 2011, Revised Selected Papers. pp. 46–61. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (2011)

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Nano Letters.

Blog post

Fang, J.: Russian Man Will Become Subject Of First Human Head Transplant Ever Performed, https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/head-transplant-volunteer-might-face-fate-more-terrifying-death/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Telecommunications: FCC Has Reformed the High-Cost Program, but Oversight and Management Could be Improved. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC (2012)

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Lucky-Medford, L.: A gendered approach to synaesthesia using the poetry of John Keats and Emily Dickinson, (2010)

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Paulson, M.: Broadway’s High Prices For Tickets Fuel Boom, (2017)

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	International Nano Letters
Abbreviation	Int. Nano Lett.
ISSN (print)	2008-9295
ISSN (online)	2228-5326
Scope