How to format your references using the International Nano Letters citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Nano Letters. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Brody, H.: Schizophrenia. Nature. 508, S1 (2014)

A journal article with 2 authors

Rubenstein, D.R., Lovette, I.J.: Reproductive skew and selection on female ornamentation in social species. Nature. 462, 786–789 (2009)

A journal article with 3 authors

Schall, P., Weitz, D.A., Spaepen, F.: Structural rearrangements that govern flow in colloidal glasses. Science. 318, 1895–1899 (2007)

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Soo, V.W.C., Cheng, H.-Y., Kwan, B.W., Wood, T.K.: de novo synthesis of a bacterial toxin/antitoxin system. Sci. Rep. 4, 4807 (2014)

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Kindmann, R., Krüger, U.: Stahlbau. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany (2013)

An edited book

Lowry, S.F., Ciocca, R.G., Rettie, C.S., Vodarsik, M. eds: Learning Surgery: The Surgery Clerkship Manual. Springer, New York, NY (2005)

A chapter in an edited book

Ferrario, D.: Il cinema secondo Fibonacci. In: Emmer, M. (ed.) Matematica e Cultura 2006. pp. 15–20. Springer, Milano (2006)

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Nano Letters.

Blog post

Carpineti, A.: Historic Supernova Couldn’t Have Been Seen By Humans, https://www.iflscience.com/space/historic-supernova-couldnt-have-been-seen-by-humans/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Information Technology: VA and DOD Face Challenges in Completing Key Efforts. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC (2006)

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

McPherson, C.A.: Characterization of the neurogenic microenvironment in the mouse hippocampus following chemical-induced neuronal injury, (2012)

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hay, G., Cyran, R.: Long Road Back for Greek Banks, (2011)

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	International Nano Letters
Abbreviation	Int. Nano Lett.
ISSN (print)	2008-9295
ISSN (online)	2228-5326
Scope