How to format your references using the International Journal of Urban Sciences citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Urban Sciences. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Mantovani, A. (2000). Investigating T-cell memory. Nature, 407(6800), 40.

A journal article with 2 authors

Logan, B. E., & Elimelech, M. (2012). Membrane-based processes for sustainable power generation using water. Nature, 488(7411), 313–319.

A journal article with 3 authors

Connors, M., Wiegert, P., & Veillet, C. (2011). Earth’s Trojan asteroid. Nature, 475(7357), 481–483.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Sun, H., Jami, E., Harpaz, S., & Mizrahi, I. (2013). Involvement of dietary salt in shaping bacterial communities in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). Scientific Reports, 3, 1558.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Esmailzadeh, R. (2016). Broadband Telecommunications Technologies and Management. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Katsikas, S., López, J., & Pernul, G. (Eds.). (2005). Trust, Privacy, and Security in Digital Business: Second International Conference, TrustBus 2005, Copenhagen, Denmark, August 22-26, 2005. Proceedings (Vol. 3592). Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Sampaolesi, R., Sampaolesi, J. R., & Zárate, J. (2014). Structure and Function of the Tissues That Are in Contact with the Aqueous Humor. In J. R. Sampaolesi & J. Zárate (Eds.), The Glaucomas: Volume II - Open Angle Glaucoma and Angle Closure Glaucoma (pp. 39–70). Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Urban Sciences.

Blog post

Taub, B. (2016, August 9). Your Brain Is Designed For Reading Even Before You Learn Your ABCs. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/brain/your-brain-is-designed-for-reading-even-before-you-learn-your-abcs/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1998). National Weather Service: Budget Events and Continuing Risks of Systems Modernization (T-AIMD-98-97). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Parhad, A. (2015). Energy scavenging using piezoelectric sensors to power in pavement intelligent vehicle detection systems [Doctoral dissertation]. California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Walsh, M. W. (2016, April 6). Puerto Rico Senate Votes to Halt Payments on $72 Billion Debt. New York Times, B3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Mantovani, 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Logan & Elimelech, 2012; Mantovani, 2000).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Logan & Elimelech, 2012)
Three authors: (Connors et al., 2011)
6 or more authors: (Sun et al., 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Urban Sciences
Abbreviation	Int. J. Urban Sci.
ISSN (print)	1226-5934
ISSN (online)	2161-6779
Scope	Geography, Planning and Development Urban Studies