How to format your references using the International Journal of the Cardiovascular Academy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of the Cardiovascular Academy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bova B. Eternal verities, eternal questions. Nature. 2000;404(6777):439.

A journal article with 2 authors

Keeling RF, Visbeck M. Palaeoceanography. Antarctic stratification and glacial CO2. Nature. 2001;412(6847):605-606.

A journal article with 3 authors

Bryk R, Griffin P, Nathan C. Peroxynitrite reductase activity of bacterial peroxiredoxins. Nature. 2000;407(6801):211-215.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Zhang G, Qi P, Wang X, et al. Selective etching of metallic carbon nanotubes by gas-phase reaction. Science. 2006;314(5801):974-977.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Chiang HD. Direct Methods for Stability Analysis of Electric Power Systems. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2010.

An edited book

Del Brutto OH. Cysticercosis of the Human Nervous System. (García HH, ed.). Springer; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

Gonzalvo X, Taylor P, Monzo C, Iriondo I, Socoró JC. High Quality Emotional HMM-Based Synthesis in Spanish. In: Solé-Casals J, Zaiats V, eds. Advances in Nonlinear Speech Processing: International Conference on Nonlinear Speech Processing, NOLISP 2009, Vic, Spain, June 25-27. Revised Selected Papers. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer; 2010:26-34.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of the Cardiovascular Academy.

Blog post

Andrew E. Six Awesome Facts We Learned About Pluto This Week. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Unmanned Aerial Systems: Efforts Made toward Integration into the National Airspace Continue, but Many Actions Still Required. U.S. Government Printing Office; 2014.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Wright C. A Quantitative Study of Retirement Knowledge among Spring 2009 Arizona High School Graduates. Doctoral dissertation. University of Phoenix; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Feeney K. Always on Offer: Fresh Fish, a Relaxed Vibe. New York Times. August 8, 2010:NJ5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of the Cardiovascular Academy
ISSN (print)	2405-8181
Scope