How to format your references using the International Journal of Sustainable Energy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Sustainable Energy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Thomas, Gavin H. 2015. “Evolution: An Avian Explosion.” Nature 526 (7574): 516–517.

A journal article with 2 authors

Karimi, Ebrahim, and Robert W. Boyd. 2015. “PHYSICS. Classical Entanglement?” Science (New York, N.Y.) 350 (6265): 1172–1173.

A journal article with 3 authors

Wellman, Charles H., Peter L. Osterloff, and Uzma Mohiuddin. 2003. “Fragments of the Earliest Land Plants.” Nature 425 (6955): 282–285.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Holmgren, M., J. Wagg, F. Bezanilla, R. F. Rakowski, P. De Weer, and D. C. Gadsby. 2000. “Three Distinct and Sequential Steps in the Release of Sodium Ions by the Na+/K+-ATPase.” Nature 403 (6772): 898–901.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Noar, Joseph. 2014. Interceptive Orthodontics. Oxford, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Faber, Carel, Gavril Farkas, and Gerard van der Geer, eds. 2016. K3 Surfaces and Their Moduli. Vol. 315. Progress in Mathematics. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

van Minnen, L. Paul, and Thybout M. Moojen. 2015. “Flexor Tendon Reconstruction.” In Disorders of the Hand: Volume 2: Hand Reconstruction and Nerve Compression, edited by Ian A. Trail and Andrew N. M. Fleming, 75–96. London: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Sustainable Energy.

Blog post

Andrews, Robin. 2017. “Women In STEM Around The World: Where We’ve Improved, And Where We Can Do Better.” IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/women-in-stem-around-the-world-where-weve-improved-and-where-we-can-do-better/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2010. For-Profit Schools: Large Schools and Schools That Specialize in Healthcare Are More Likely to Rely Heavily on Federal Student Aid. GAO-11-4. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Wilkinson, Brian. 2017. “You Got to Pray Just to Make It Today: The Relationship between Disclosure Disconnects, Job Satisfaction, and Organizational Commitment among Atheistic Employees.” Doctoral dissertation, Edwardsville, IL: Southern Illinois University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hubbard, Ben. 2017. “Bahrain Executes 3 Shiites Convicted in Deadly Bomb Attack on the Police.” New York Times, January 15.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Thomas 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Thomas 2015; Karimi and Boyd 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Karimi and Boyd 2015)
Three authors: (Wellman, Osterloff, and Mohiuddin 2003)
4 or more authors: (Holmgren et al. 2000)

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Sustainable Energy
Abbreviation	Int. J. Sustain. Energy
ISSN (print)	1478-6451
ISSN (online)	1478-646X
Scope	Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes Process Chemistry and Technology General Energy Fuel Technology Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment