How to format your references using the International Journal of Sustainable Energy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Sustainable Energy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Cruikshank, Dale P. 2010. “Planetary Science. Generating an Atmosphere.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 330 (6012): 1755–1756.

A journal article with 2 authors

Brown, Solange P., and Shaul Hestrin. 2009. “Intracortical Circuits of Pyramidal Neurons Reflect Their Long-Range Axonal Targets.” Nature 457 (7233): 1133–1136.

A journal article with 3 authors

Häkkinen, Sirpa, Peter B. Rhines, and Denise L. Worthen. 2011. “Atmospheric Blocking and Atlantic Multidecadal Ocean Variability.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 334 (6056): 655–659.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Sunda, W., D. J. Kieber, R. P. Kiene, and S. Huntsman. 2002. “An Antioxidant Function for DMSP and DMS in Marine Algae.” Nature 418 (6895): 317–320.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Searle, S. R. 1997. Linear Models. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Díaz‐Cruz, M. Silvia, and Damià Barceló, eds. 2015. Personal Care Products in the Aquatic Environment. 1st ed. 2015. Vol. 36. The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Jhumka, Arshad, and Sandeep Kulkarni. 2007. “On the Design of Mobility-Tolerant TDMA-Based Media Access Control (MAC) Protocol for Mobile Sensor Networks.” In Distributed Computing and Internet Technology: 4th International Conference, ICDCIT 2007, Bangalore, India, December 17-20. Proceedings, edited by Tomasz Janowski and Hrushikesha Mohanty, 42–53. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Sustainable Energy.

Blog post

Andrew, Danielle. 2015. “Free Passes To National Parks Today.” IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/free-passes-popular-national-parks-today/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2004. General Aviation Security: Increased Federal Oversight Is Needed, but Continued Partnership with the Private Sector Is Critical to Long-Term Success. GAO-05-144. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Eller, Linda S. 2012. “Social Media as Avenue for Personal Learning for Educators: Personal Learning Networks Encourage Application of Knowledge and Skills.” Doctoral dissertation, Malibu, CA: Pepperdine University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey, George. 2011. “France Loses to the U.S., With Typical Elegance.” New York Times, July 14.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Cruikshank 2010).
This sentence cites two references (Cruikshank 2010; Brown and Hestrin 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Brown and Hestrin 2009)
Three authors: (Häkkinen, Rhines, and Worthen 2011)
4 or more authors: (Sunda et al. 2002)

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Sustainable Energy
Abbreviation	Int. J. Sustain. Energy
ISSN (print)	1478-6451
ISSN (online)	1478-646X
Scope	Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes Process Chemistry and Technology General Energy Fuel Technology Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment