How to format your references using the International Journal of STEM Education citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of STEM Education. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Korte, M. (2008). Neuroscience. A protoplasmic kiss to remember. Science (New York, N.Y.), 319(5870), 1627–1628.

A journal article with 2 authors

Eberly, J. H., & Yu, T. (2007). Physics. The end of an entanglement. Science (New York, N.Y.), 316(5824), 555–557.

A journal article with 3 authors

Weng, J.-K., Philippe, R. N., & Noel, J. P. (2012). The rise of chemodiversity in plants. Science (New York, N.Y.), 336(6089), 1667–1670.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Guan, N., Shin, H.-D., Chen, R. R., Li, J., Liu, L., Du, G., & Chen, J. (2014). Understanding of how Propionibacterium acidipropionici respond to propionic acid stress at the level of proteomics. Scientific reports, 4, 6951.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Church, R. L., & Murray, A. T. (2008). Business Site Selection, Location Analysis and GIS. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Wang, S. (2013). Functionalized Conjugated Polyelectrolytes: Design and Biomedical Applications. (F. Lv, Ed.). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Nesterenko, M. V., Katrich, V. A., Penkin, Y. M., & Berdnik, S. L. (2011). Electromagnetic Waves Scattering by Irregular Impedance Vibrators in Free Space. In V. A. Katrich, Y. M. Penkin, V. M. Dakhov, & S. L. Berdnik (Eds.), Thin Impedance Vibrators: Theory and Applications (pp. 93–112). New York, NY: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of STEM Education.

Blog post

Andrews, R. (2017, March 8). Tiny Canadian Town Suddenly Has Bright Pink Tap Water. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/tiny-canadian-town-suddenly-has-bright-pink-tap-water/. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1996). Consumer Health Informatics: Emerging Issues (No. T-AIMD-96-134). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Allen, S. A. (2014). Dispersed Social Work: Understanding Social Presence and Organizational Identification Through the Use of New Communication Technologies (Doctoral dissertation). George Washington University, Washington, DC.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kenigsberg, B. (2017, August 10). In Pursuit of a Social Media Mirage. New York Times, p. C10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Korte 2008).
This sentence cites two references (Eberly and Yu 2007; Korte 2008).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Eberly and Yu 2007)
Three or more authors: (Guan et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of STEM Education
ISSN (online)	2196-7822
Scope