How to format your references using the International Journal of Speech Technology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Speech Technology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Ricci, L. (2005). History of science: Dante’s insight into galilean invariance. Nature, 434(7034), 717.

A journal article with 2 authors

Bennett, C. H., & DiVincenzo, D. P. (2000). Quantum information and computation. Nature, 404(6775), 247–255.

A journal article with 3 authors

Samokhvalov, I. M., Samokhvalova, N. I., & Nishikawa, S.-I. (2007). Cell tracing shows the contribution of the yolk sac to adult haematopoiesis. Nature, 446(7139), 1056–1061.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Guenther, U.-P., Weinberg, D. E., Zubradt, M. M., Tedeschi, F. A., Stawicki, B. N., Zagore, L. L., et al. (2018). The helicase Ded1p controls use of near-cognate translation initiation codons in 5’ UTRs. Nature, 559(7712), 130–134.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Shafer, G., & Vovk, V. (2005). Probability and Finance: It’s Only a Game! Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Charney, N. (Ed.). (2016). Art Crime: Terrorists, Tomb Raiders, Forgers and Thieves. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK.

A chapter in an edited book

Odendall, C., & Kagan, J. C. (2013). Peroxisomes and the Antiviral Responses of Mammalian Cells. In L. A. del Río (Ed.), Peroxisomes and their Key Role in Cellular Signaling and Metabolism (pp. 67–75). Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Speech Technology.

Blog post

O`Callaghan, J. (2015, July 16). New Horizons At Pluto: What Happens Next? IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/new-horizons-pluto-what-happens-next/. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2003). Maritime Administration: Weaknesses Identified in Management of the Title XI Loan Guarantee Program (No. GAO-03-728T). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Pokhrel, P. (2010). Towards improved identification of spatially-distributed rainfall runoff models (Doctoral dissertation). University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Rao, T. (2016, August 25). Cool Ranch. New York Times, p. MM30.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Ricci 2005).
This sentence cites two references (Bennett and DiVincenzo 2000; Ricci 2005).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Bennett and DiVincenzo 2000)
Three or more authors: (Guenther et al. 2018)

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Speech Technology
Abbreviation	Int. J. Speech Technol.
ISSN (print)	1381-2416
ISSN (online)	1572-8110
Scope	Language and Linguistics Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Human-Computer Interaction Software Linguistics and Language

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