How to format your references using the International Journal of Retina and Vitreous citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Retina and Vitreous. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Muindi F. Tell the negative committee to shut up. Science. 2014;345:350.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. McBrearty S, Jablonski NG. First fossil chimpanzee. Nature. 2005;437:105–8.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Pertea M, Salzberg SL, Gardner MJ. Finding genes in Plasmodium falciparum. Nature. 2000;404:34; discussion 34-5.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Yoshida M, Zhang Y, Ye J, Suzuki R, Imai Y, Kimura S, et al. Controlling charge-density-wave states in nano-thick crystals of 1T-TaS2. Sci Rep. 2014;4:7302.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Pearce R, Barnes S. Raising Venture Capital. Oxford, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd; 2006.

An edited book

1. Baert AL, editor. Encyclopedia of Diagnostic Imaging. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2008.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Kundu M. Helicobacter pylori Peptidyl Prolyl cis, trans Isomerase: A Modulator of the Host Immune Response. In: Henderson B, editor. Moonlighting Cell Stress Proteins in Microbial Infections. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2013. p. 81–91.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Retina and Vitreous.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. What Do The Other Planets In Our Solar System Smell Like? IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Aviation and the Environment: Results From a Survey of the Nation’s 50 Busiest Commercial Service Airports. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2000 Aug. Report No.: RCED-00-222.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Littlefield S. Application of Discrete Event Simulation to Modeling Reliability of Highly Parallel Systems with Common Cause Failures [Doctoral dissertation]. [Washington, DC]: George Washington University; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Tabuchi H, Protess B. Takata Said to Be Close to Deal With U.S. Over Deadly Airbags. New York Times. 2016 Dec 29;B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Retina and Vitreous
Abbreviation	Int. J. Retina Vitreous
ISSN (online)	2056-9920
Scope