How to format your references using the International Journal of Rail Transportation citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Rail Transportation. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Marra J. When will we tame the oceans? Nature. 2005;436:175–176.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Istvan ES, Deisenhofer J. Structural mechanism for statin inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase. Science. 2001;292:1160–1164.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Schubert G, Russell CT, Moore WB. Timing of the Martian dynamo. Nature. 2000;408:666–667.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

Keren K, Krueger M, Gilad R, et al. Sequence-specific molecular lithography on single DNA molecules. Science. 2002;297:72–75.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Malamed C. Visual Design Solutions. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc; 2015.

An edited book

[1]

Bretschger L, Smulders S, editors. Sustainable Resource Use and Economic Dynamics. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2007.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Yang C, Ma H, Fu M. Object Detection and Tracking. In: Ma H, Fu M, editors. Advanced Technologies in Modern Robotic Applications. Singapore: Springer; 2016. p. 97–156.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Rail Transportation.

Blog post

[1]

O`Callaghan J. This Stunning Image Of Saturn’s Rings Contains A Surprise [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/stunning-image-saturn-contains-more-one-surprise/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Implementation of Section 1903(g) of the Social Security Act by the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1976. Report No.: MWD-76-89. .

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Turpie KR. Enhancement of a canopy reflectance model for understanding the specular and spectral effects of an aquatic background in an inundated tidal marsh [Doctoral dissertation]. [College Park, MD]: University of Maryland, College Park; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Greenhouse L. Justices to Hear Case on Use of Union Fees. New York Times. 2006 Sep 27;A21.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Rail Transportation
Abbreviation	Int. J. Rail Transp.
ISSN (print)	2324-8378
ISSN (online)	2324-8386
Scope	Automotive Engineering Mechanics of Materials Transportation

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