How to format your references using the International Journal of Rail Transportation citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Rail Transportation. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Friedman JM. A war on obesity, not the obese. Science. 2003;299(5608):856–858.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Jimenez R, Haiman Z. Significant primordial star formation at redshifts z approximately 3-4. Nature. 2006;440(7083):501–504.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Reynolds JN, Hyland BI, Wickens JR. A cellular mechanism of reward-related learning. Nature. 2001;413(6851):67–70.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

Astafiev O, Inomata K, Niskanen AO, et al. Single artificial-atom lasing. Nature. 2007;449(7162):588–590.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Mazer A. Shifting the Earth. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2011.

An edited book

[1]

Grothaus M. Taking Your iPod touch to the Max. Second Edition. Sadun E, editor. Berkeley, CA: Apress; 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Richter K-F, Winter S. Computational Aspects: How Landmarks Can Be Observed, Stored, and Analysed. In: Winter S, editor. Landmarks: GIScience for Intelligent Services. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2014. p. 137–173.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Rail Transportation.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E. Why More Cities Need To Add Up The Economic Value Of Trees [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/why-more-cities-need-add-economic-value-trees/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Year 2000 Computing Challenge: OPM Has Made Progress on Business Continuity Planning. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1999. Report No.: GGD-99-66. .

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Lieberman V. One yard shy of empowerment: Cinematic portrayals of female athletes [Doctoral dissertation]. [Boca Raton, FL]: Florida Atlantic University; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Gustines GG. Murphy Anderson, 89, Longtime DC Comics Artist. New York Times. 2015 Oct 30;B10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Rail Transportation
Abbreviation	Int. J. Rail Transp.
ISSN (print)	2324-8378
ISSN (online)	2324-8386
Scope	Automotive Engineering Mechanics of Materials Transportation