How to format your references using the International Journal of Polymeric Materials and Polymeric Biomaterials citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Polymeric Materials and Polymeric Biomaterials. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

B. Malissen: ‘Immunology. Switching off TCR signaling’, Science, 2003, 302, 1162–1163.

A journal article with 2 authors

B. E. Ellis and G. P. Miles: ‘Plant biology. One for all?’, Science, 2001, 292, 2022–2023.

A journal article with 3 authors

H. Ishii, Y. Sakurai and T. Maruyama: ‘Effect of soccer shoe upper on ball behaviour in curve kicks’, Sci. Rep., 2014, 4, 6067.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

S. C. Eisenbarth, O. R. Colegio, W. O’Connor, F. S. Sutterwala and R. A. Flavell: ‘Crucial role for the Nalp3 inflammasome in the immunostimulatory properties of aluminium adjuvants’, Nature, 2008, 453, 1122–1126.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

D. Banks: ‘An Introduction to Thermogeology: Ground Source Heating and Cooling’, 2012, Oxford, UK, Wiley-Blackwell.

An edited book

J. Scheerens, Ed.: ‘Informal Learning of Active Citizenship at School: An International Comparative Study in Seven European Countries’, vol. 14, 2009, Dordrecht, Springer Netherlands.

A chapter in an edited book

H. A. Perlin and H. S. Lopes: in Computational Intelligence in Image Processing, eds. A. Chatterjee and P. Siarry, Berlin, Heidelberg, Springer, 2013, pp. 71–90.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Polymeric Materials and Polymeric Biomaterials.

Blog post

T. Hale: World’s First Supersized Manned Mech Takes Its First Steps, https://www.iflscience.com/technology/worlds-first-supersized-manned-mech-takes-its-first-steps/, (accessed 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: ‘Federal Assistance Provided to Institutions of Higher Education’, 1976, Washington, DC, U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

A. R. Ochse: ‘Targeted Killing, Drones and International Law: How U.S. Practice is Shaping International Law’, Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

S. Chira: New York Times, 2017, SR9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Polymeric Materials and Polymeric Biomaterials
Abbreviation	Int. J. Polym. Mater.
ISSN (print)	0091-4037
ISSN (online)	1563-535X
Scope	General Chemical Engineering Analytical Chemistry Polymers and Plastics