How to format your references using the International Journal of Physiology and Pathophysiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Physiology and Pathophysiology (IJPP). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Hotamisligil GS. Inflammation and metabolic disorders. Nature. 2006 Dec 14;444(7121):860–7.

A journal article with 2 authors

Costello EK, Relman DA. Population health: immaturity in the gut microbial community. Nature. 2014 Jun 19;510(7505):344–5.

A journal article with 3 authors

Emile O, Le Floch A, Vollrath F. Biopolymers: shape memory in spider draglines. Nature. 2006 Mar 30;440(7084):621.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Nott A, Watson PM, Robinson JD, Crepaldi L, Riccio A. S-Nitrosylation of histone deacetylase 2 induces chromatin remodelling in neurons. Nature. 2008 Sep 18;455(7211):411–5.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Pangarkar VG. Design of Multiphase Reactors. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc; 2014.

An edited book

Steinhaus H. Mathematician for All Seasons: Recollections and Notes, Vol. 2 (1945–1968). 1st ed. 2016. Burns RG, Szymaniec I, Weron A, editors. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016. XI, 403 p. 26 illus., 20 illus. in color. (Vita Mathematica; vol. 19).

A chapter in an edited book

Netzer A, Meisels A. SOCIAL DCOP - Social Choice in Distributed Constraints Optimization. In: Brazier FMT, Nieuwenhuis K, Pavlin G, Warnier M, Badica C, editors. Intelligent Distributed Computing V: Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Intelligent Distributed Computing – IDC 2011, Delft, The Netherlands – October 2011. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2012. p. 35–47. (Kacprzyk J, editor. Studies in Computational Intelligence).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Physiology and Pathophysiology.

Blog post

O`Callaghan J. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2017 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Is There Life On Mars? Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/is-there-life-on-mars/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Air Traffic Control: Experts’ and Stakeholders’ Views on Key Issues to Consider in a Potential Restructuring [Reissued on December 9, 2016]. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2016 Oct. Report No.: GAO-17-131.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Yasa SR. Visual Basic Simulation of H2S Removal from Natural Gas at Downhole in an Extraction Well [Doctoral dissertation]. [ Lafayette, LA]: University of Louisiana; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Saslow L. Sorting Out Their Goals, and Options. New York Times. 2009 Apr 12;WE6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Physiology and Pathophysiology
ISSN (print)	2155-014X
ISSN (online)	2155-0158
Scope