How to format your references using the International Journal of Pavement Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Pavement Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Wolpert, A.J., 2002. The future of electronic data. Nature, 420 (6911), 17–18.

A journal article with 2 authors

Quellmalz, E.S. and Pellegrino, J.W., 2009. Technology and testing. Science (New York, N.Y.), 323 (5910), 75–79.

A journal article with 3 authors

Kainulainen, J., Federrath, C., and Henning, T., 2014. Unfolding the laws of star formation: the density distribution of molecular clouds. Science (New York, N.Y.), 344 (6180), 183–185.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

de la Rocha, J., Doiron, B., Shea-Brown, E., Josić, K., and Reyes, A., 2007. Correlation between neural spike trains increases with firing rate. Nature, 448 (7155), 802–806.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Askoolum, A., 2007. System Building with APL + Win. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Jopp, F., Reuter, H., and Breckling, B., eds., 2011. Modelling Complex Ecological Dynamics: An Introduction into Ecological Modelling for Students, Teachers & Scientists. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Bouckaert, L., 2005. Spirituality and Economic Democracy. In: L. Zsolnai, ed. Spirituality and Ethics in Management. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 51–58.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Pavement Engineering.

Blog post

Davis, J., 2015. Schizophrenia Linked To Smoking [online]. IFLScience. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/brain/why-are-schizophrenia-and-smoking-linked/ [Accessed 30 Oct 2018].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1999. Direct Student Loans: Overpayments During the Department of Education’s Conversion to a New Payment System. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, No. HEHS-99-44R.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Marquez, R.A., 2009. Examining coping skills used to deal with daily stressors of law enforcement. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Koblin, J., Grynbaum, M.M., and Maheshwari, S., 2017. Fox Pitches Sports to Advertisers, but Specter of Its News Scandal Lingers. New York Times, 16 May, p. B6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Wolpert 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Wolpert 2002, Quellmalz and Pellegrino 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Quellmalz and Pellegrino 2009)
Three or more authors: (de la Rocha et al. 2007)

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Pavement Engineering
Abbreviation	Int. J. Pavement Eng.
ISSN (print)	1029-8436
ISSN (online)	1477-268X
Scope	Civil and Structural Engineering Mechanics of Materials