How to format your references using the International Journal of Osteoarchaeology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Osteoarchaeology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Wegner DM. 2009. How to think, say, or do precisely the worst thing for any occasion. Science (New York, N.Y.) 325: 48–50.

A journal article with 2 authors

Schlapbach L, Züttel A. 2001. Hydrogen-storage materials for mobile applications. Nature 414: 353–358.

A journal article with 3 authors

Nishiyama T, Ohsumi K, Kishimoto T. 2007. Phosphorylation of Erp1 by p90rsk is required for cytostatic factor arrest in Xenopus laevis eggs. Nature 446: 1096–1099.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Furutani S, Nakatani Y, Miura Y, Ihara M, Kai K, Hayashi H, Matsuda K. 2014. GluCl a target of indole alkaloid okaramines: a 25 year enigma solved. Scientific reports 4: 6190.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Hornberger G, Wiberg P. 2005. Numerical Methods in the Hydrological Sciences. American Geophysical Union: Washington D. C.

An edited book

Shugart YY (ed). 2012. Applied Computational Genomics. Springer Netherlands: Dordrecht.

A chapter in an edited book

Rao KS, Sarkar S. 2014. Robust Speaker Modeling for Speaker Verification in Noisy Environments. In Robust Speaker Recognition in Noisy Environments, Sarkar S (ed). Springer International Publishing: Cham; 77–114.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Osteoarchaeology.

Blog post

Hale T. 2015. Bizarre Flying Saucer Shaped Clouds Spotted Over South Africa. IFLScience [online] Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/what-were-these-ufo-clouds-spotted-across-south-africa0/ (Accessed 30 October 2018)

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1964. Comments on NASA’s Expenditure of Appropriated Funds for Parking Spaces. U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Galan M. 2012. Educational practices to support homeless students, Doctoral dissertation, Pepperdine University: Malibu, CA

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey G. 2010. Wozniacki and Yale Are Cheering Each Other On. New York Times 31st August: B12.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Wegner, 2009).
This sentence cites two references (Schlapbach & Züttel, 2001; Wegner, 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Schlapbach & Züttel, 2001)
Three or more authors: (Furutani et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Osteoarchaeology
Abbreviation	Int. J. Osteoarchaeol.
ISSN (print)	1047-482X
ISSN (online)	1099-1212
Scope	Archaeology Anthropology