How to format your references using the International Journal of Material Forming citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Material Forming. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Guenin LM (2001) Essays on science and society. Morals and primordials. Science 292:1659–1660

A journal article with 2 authors

Shenoy SK, Rockman HA (2011) Cardiovascular biology: heart fails without pump partner. Nature 477:546–547

A journal article with 3 authors

Falkenburger BH, Barstow KL, Mintz IM (2001) Dendrodendritic inhibition through reversal of dopamine transport. Science 293:2465–2470

A journal article with 5 or more authors

West MJ, Côté P, Marzke RO, Jordán A (2004) Reconstructing galaxy histories from globular clusters. Nature 427:31–35

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bisen PS, Debnath M, Prasad GBKS (2012) Microbes. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Wang J, Xiong H, Ishikawa Y, et al (2013) Web-Age Information Management: 14th International Conference, WAIM 2013, Beidaihe, China, June 14-16, 2013. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Ramanathan V, Yao B, Fei-Fei L (2014) Social Role Recognition for Human Event Understanding. In: Fu Y (ed) Human-Centered Social Media Analytics. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 75–93

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Material Forming.

Blog post

Andrew E (2013) ‘Asian Unicorn’ Seen In Vietnam For The First Time In Fifteen Years. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/‘asian-unicorn’-seen-vietnam-first-time-fifteen-years/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2000) Social Security Administration: Year 2000 Readiness Efforts Helped Ensure Century Rollover and Leap Year Success. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Starner RN (2013) Expanding the Scope of Silyl Protecting Groups for Sialylation Reactions. Doctoral dissertation, Southern Illinois University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Gordon MR (2017) How the President Wrongly Blamed The Times for a Terrorist’s Survival. New York Times A11

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Material Forming
Abbreviation	Int. J. Mater. Form.
ISSN (print)	1960-6206
ISSN (online)	1960-6214
Scope	General Materials Science