How to format your references using the International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Veis, A., 2005. Materials science. A window on biomineralization. Science 307, 1419–1420.

A journal article with 2 authors

Brunnschweiler, C.N., Bulte, E.H., 2008. Economics. Linking natural resources to slow growth and more conflict. Science 320, 616–617.

A journal article with 3 authors

Mayle, F.E., Burbridge, R., Killeen, T.J., 2000. Millennial-scale dynamics of southern Amazonian rain forests. Science 290, 2291–2294.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Gunawardane, L.S., Saito, K., Nishida, K.M., Miyoshi, K., Kawamura, Y., Nagami, T., Siomi, H., Siomi, M.C., 2007. A slicer-mediated mechanism for repeat-associated siRNA 5’ end formation in Drosophila. Science 315, 1587–1590.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Naylor, W., Laverty, D., Mallett, J., 2008. The Royal Marsden Hospital Handbook of Wound Management in Cancer Care. Blackwell Science Ltd, Oxford, UK.

An edited book

Lee, M.-L.T., Gail, M., Pfeiffer, R., Satten, G., Cai, T., Gandy, A. (Eds.), 2013. Risk Assessment and Evaluation of Predictions, Lecture Notes in Statistics. Springer, New York, NY.

A chapter in an edited book

Ventegodt, S., Flensborg-Madsen, T., Andersen, N.J., Nielsen, M., Mohammed, M., Merrick, J., 2005. Global Quality of Life (QOL), Health and Ability Are Primarily Determined by Our Consciousness. Research Findings from Denmark 1991–2004, in: Shek, D.T.L., Chan, Y.K., Lee, P.S.N. (Eds.), Quality-of-Life Research in Chinese, Western and Global Contexts, Social Indicators Research Series. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp. 87–122.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2015. Scientists Discover How This Beautiful Shimmering Creature Turns Invisible [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/scientists-discover-how-shimmering-creature-turns-invisible/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1990. International Broadcasting: Construction of U.S. Radio Relay Station in Israel (No. NSIAD-90-123FS). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Gu, J., 2010. Measurement, modeling, and synthesis of time-varying appearance of natural phenomena (Doctoral dissertation). Columbia University, New York, NY.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Walsh, M.W., 2010. Inquiry Focuses on White House Role in Preserving Union Pensions at Delphi. New York Times B3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Veis, 2005).
This sentence cites two references (Brunnschweiler and Bulte, 2008; Veis, 2005).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Brunnschweiler and Bulte, 2008)
Three or more authors: (Gunawardane et al., 2007)

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice
Abbreviation	Int. J. Law Crime Justice
ISSN (print)	1756-0616
Scope	Law Sociology and Political Science Political Science and International Relations

Research and Writing Guides