How to format your references using the International Journal of Intercultural Relations citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Intercultural Relations. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Quaglioni, S. (2015). Nuclear physics: Close encounters of the alpha kind. Nature, 528(7580), 42–43.

A journal article with 2 authors

O’Connor, P. M., & Claessens, L. P. A. M. (2005). Basic avian pulmonary design and flow-through ventilation in non-avian theropod dinosaurs. Nature, 436(7048), 253–256.

A journal article with 3 authors

Yan, Z., Cai, M., & Shen, P. K. (2013). Nanosized tungsten carbide synthesized by a novel route at low temperature for high performance electrocatalysis. Scientific Reports, 3, 1646.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Duarte-Pereira, S., Silva, S. S., Azevedo, L., Castro, L., Amorim, A., & Silva, R. M. (2014). NAMPT and NAPRT1: novel polymorphisms and distribution of variants between normal tissues and tumor samples. Scientific Reports, 4, 6311.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Kirwan, M. J. (2013). Handbook of Paper and Paperboard Packaging Technology. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Xu, W., Xiao, L., Li, J., Zhang, C., & Zhu, Z. (Eds.). (2016). Computer Engineering and Technology: 20th CCF Conference, NCCET 2016, Xi’an, China, August 10-12, 2016, Revised Selected Papers (Vol. 666). Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Thiel-Bonney, C., & von Hofacker, N. (2016). Feeding Disorders in Infants and Young Children. In M. Cierpka (Ed.), Regulatory Disorders in Infants: Assessment, Diagnosis, and Treatment (pp. 89–118). Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Intercultural Relations.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2015, May 13). Scientists Engineer Chickens With Dinosaur Snouts. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/dinosaur-chicken-and-back-again/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1974). More Competition Needed in the Federal Procurement of Automatic Data Processing Equipment (B-115369). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Ramakrishnan, T. (2017). Rehabilitating Asymmetric Gait Using Asymmetry [Doctoral dissertation]. University of South Florida.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Billard, M. (2010, September 16). Jewelry Born Of Child’s Play. New York Times, E7.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Quaglioni, 2015).
This sentence cites two references (O’Connor & Claessens, 2005; Quaglioni, 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (O’Connor & Claessens, 2005)
Three authors: (Yan et al., 2013)
6 or more authors: (Duarte-Pereira et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Intercultural Relations
Abbreviation	Int. J. Intercult. Relat.
ISSN (print)	0147-1767
Scope	Business and International Management Social Psychology Sociology and Political Science