How to format your references using the International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Walsh, R.W., 2005. Astronomy. How is the solar corona heated? Science 307, 51–53.

A journal article with 2 authors

Gratzer, W., Nathan, D.G., 2005. Obituary: Fred S. Rosen (1930-2005). Nature 435, 1044.

A journal article with 3 authors

Richardson, A.R., Libby, S.J., Fang, F.C., 2008. A nitric oxide-inducible lactate dehydrogenase enables Staphylococcus aureus to resist innate immunity. Science 319, 1672–1676.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Liang, X., Hu, F., Yan, Y., Lucyszyn, S., 2014. Secure thermal infrared communications using engineered blackbody radiation. Sci. Rep. 4, 5245.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Mariño, P.P., 2016. Optimization of Computer Networks - Modeling and Algorithms. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Pokorski, M. (Ed.), 2015. Pulmonary Infection, Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Harris, P., Garcia, M.B., 2016. To Fall Is Human: Falls, Gait, and Balance in Older Adults, in: Lindquist, L.A. (Ed.), New Directions in Geriatric Medicine: Concepts, Trends, and Evidence-Based Practice. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 71–90.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics.

Blog post

Carpineti, A., 2016. X-Shaped Structure Of Stars Spotted At the Center Of The Milky Way [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/space/xshaped-structure-of-stars-spotted-at-the-center-of-the-milky-way/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1990. Aviation Safety: Management Improvement Needed in FAA’s Airworthiness Directive Program (No. RCED-90-94). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Borchardt, G.M., 2013. Making D.C. Democracy’s Capital: Local Activism, the “Federal State”, and the Struggle for Civil Rights in Washington, D.C (Doctoral dissertation). George Washington University, Washington, DC.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey, G., 2010. U.S. Shares the Blame for Feeling Cheated. New York Times D2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Walsh, 2005).
This sentence cites two references (Gratzer and Nathan, 2005; Walsh, 2005).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Gratzer and Nathan, 2005)
Three or more authors: (Liang et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics
Abbreviation	Int. J. Ind. Ergon.
ISSN (print)	0169-8141
Scope	Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health Human Factors and Ergonomics