How to format your references using the International Journal of Geo-Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Geo-Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Zakamska NL (2010) H(2) emission arises outside photodissociation regions in ultraluminous infrared galaxies. Nature 465:60–63

A journal article with 2 authors

Jain S, Bates FS (2003) On the origins of morphological complexity in block copolymer surfactants. Science 300:460–464

A journal article with 3 authors

Petta JR, Lu H, Gossard AC (2010) A coherent beam splitter for electronic spin states. Science 327:669–672

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Leinekugel X, Khazipov R, Cannon R, et al (2002) Correlated bursts of activity in the neonatal hippocampus in vivo. Science 296:2049–2052

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Jain RK, Triandis HC, Weick CW (2010) Managing Research, Development, and Innovation. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Gschwind T, Pautasso C (2008) Emerging Web Services Technology, Volume II. Birkhäuser, Basel

A chapter in an edited book

Roos V (2016) Implementing the Mmogo-method: A Group of Setswana-Speaking Older People’s Relational Experiences in a Rural Community Setting. In: Roos V (ed) Understanding Relational and Group Experiences through the Mmogo-Method®. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 55–88

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Geo-Engineering.

Blog post

Andrew E (2016) Can Paedophilia Really Be Cured With Drugs? In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2000) Electronic Signature: Sanction of the Department of State’s System. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Estrada MI (2012) A community risk assessment of the 90806 zip code. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

St. John Kelly E (2000) Songs for Children That Won’t Make the Adults Fwow Up. New York Times 143

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Geo-Engineering
ISSN (print)	2092-9196
ISSN (online)	2198-2783
Scope

Research and Writing Guides