How to format your references using the International Journal of Geo-Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Geo-Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Abbott A (2003) Anthropologists cast doubt on human DNA evidence. Nature 423:468

A journal article with 2 authors

Park J, Yook S-H (2014) Bayesian inference of natural rankings in incomplete competition networks. Sci Rep 4:6212

A journal article with 3 authors

Brown MS, Ye J, Goldstein JL (2010) Medicine. HDL miR-ed down by SREBP introns. Science 328:1495–1496

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Ryan MP, Williams DE, Chater RJ, et al (2002) Why stainless steel corrodes. Nature 415:770–774

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Eligehausen R, Mallée R, Silva JF (2012) Anchorage in Concrete Construction. Ernst & Sohn Verlag für Architektur und technische Wissenschaften GmbH & Co. KG, Berlin, Germany

An edited book

Fonseca RJ, Weber G-W, Telhada J (2016) Computational Management Science: State of the Art 2014, 1st ed. 2016. Springer International Publishing, Cham

A chapter in an edited book

Sztur C, Hudault G (2016) Alloying of Molten Aluminum: Optimizing the Present and Preparing the Future. In: Grandfield JF, Eskin DG (eds) Essential Readings in Light Metals: Volume 3 Cast Shop for Aluminum Production. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 33–43

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Geo-Engineering.

Blog post

Andrew E (2014) Water Vapour Discovered In The Atmosphere Of Neptune-Sized Exoplanet. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1997) National Airspace System: Observations on the Wide Area Augmentation System. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Klepper EM (2017) Andragogy and Workplace Relationships: A Mixed-Methods Study Exploring Employees’ Perceptions of Their Relationships with Their Supervisors. Doctoral dissertation, Lindenwood University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Ryerson J (2017) University Presses. New York Times BR31

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Geo-Engineering
ISSN (print)	2092-9196
ISSN (online)	2198-2783
Scope