How to format your references using the International Journal of Geo-Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Geo-Engineering. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Foster I (2005) Service-oriented science. Science 308:814–817

A journal article with 2 authors

Titus S, Bosch X (2010) Tie funding to research integrity. Nature 466:436–437

A journal article with 3 authors

Johnson KG, Jackson JBC, Budd AF (2008) Caribbean reef development was independent of coral diversity over 28 million years. Science 319:1521–1523

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Tsai H-C, Zhang F, Adamantidis A, et al (2009) Phasic firing in dopaminergic neurons is sufficient for behavioral conditioning. Science 324:1080–1084

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Orchin M, Macomber RS, Pinhas AR, Wilson RM (2005) The Vocabulary and Concepts of Organic Chemistry. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Sushil, Bhal KT, Singh SP (2016) Managing Flexibility: People, Process, Technology and Business. Springer India, New Delhi

A chapter in an edited book

Pla L, Casanoves F, Di Rienzo J (2012) How to Estimate Functional Diversity Indices. In: Casanoves F, Di Rienzo J (eds) Quantifying Functional Biodiversity. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp 53–95

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Geo-Engineering.

Blog post

Andrew E (2014) Scientists Develop Bioplastic From Food Scraps. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/chemistry/scientists-develop-bioplastic-food-scraps/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2017) Commercial Space Launch Insurance: Weakness in FAA’s Insurance Calculation May Expose the Federal Government to Excess Risk. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Royalty AR (2015) U.S. Military Advisors in Iraq: A Phenomenological Research Study on the Role of National Culture on Tactical Decision-making during Wartime. Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Rothenberg B (2017) Serious Knee Injury Fells Mattek-Sands. New York Times B9

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Geo-Engineering
ISSN (print)	2092-9196
ISSN (online)	2198-2783
Scope