How to format your references using the International Journal of Fuzzy Systems citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Fuzzy Systems. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Vilenkin, A.: Astronomy. The vacuum energy crisis. Science. 312, 1148–1149 (2006)

A journal article with 2 authors

Knorr, G., Lohmann, G.: Southern Ocean origin for the resumption of Atlantic thermohaline circulation during deglaciation. Nature. 424, 532–536 (2003)

A journal article with 3 authors

Liu, S.-M., Chen, W., Wang, J.: Distinguishing between cancer cell differentiation and resistance induced by all-trans retinoic acid using transcriptional profiles and functional pathway analysis. Sci. Rep. 4, 5577 (2014)

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Watson, T.F., Philips, S.G.J., Kawakami, E., Ward, D.R., Scarlino, P., Veldhorst, M., Savage, D.E., Lagally, M.G., Friesen, M., Coppersmith, S.N., Eriksson, M.A., Vandersypen, L.M.K.: A programmable two-qubit quantum processor in silicon. Nature. 555, 633–637 (2018)

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Hahn-Deinstrop, E.: Dünnschicht-Chromatographie. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, FRG (2006)

An edited book

Nakanishi, Y. ed: Contemporary Issues in Environmental Law: The EU and Japan. Springer Japan, Tokyo (2016)

A chapter in an edited book

Stanescu, L., Burdescu, D.D., Brezovan, M., Mihai, C.G.: Medical Images Annotation. In: Burdescu, D.D., Brezovan, M., and Mihai, C.G. (eds.) Creating New Medical Ontologies for Image Annotation: A Case Study. pp. 65–89. Springer, New York, NY (2012)

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Fuzzy Systems.

Blog post

Andrew, E.: Scientists Discover A Way To Heal A Broken Heart, https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/scientists-discover-way-heal-broken-heart/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Tax System Modernization: Status of On-Line Files Initiative and Telecommunications Planning. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC (1991)

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Adijanto, J.: Metabolic acid transport in human retinal pigment epithelium, (2010)

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Thomas, K.: Ready to Take a Faithful Leap, (2011)

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Fuzzy Systems
Abbreviation	Int. J. Fuzzy Syst.
ISSN (print)	1562-2479
ISSN (online)	2199-3211
Scope	Artificial Intelligence Computational Theory and Mathematics Software Theoretical Computer Science