How to format your references using the International Journal of Food Contamination citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Food Contamination. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Hartmann DL. Climate change. Tropical surprises. Science. 2002 Feb 1;295(5556):811–2.

A journal article with 2 authors

Jadamec MA, Billen MI. Reconciling surface plate motions with rapid three-dimensional mantle flow around a slab edge. Nature. 2010 May 20;465(7296):338–41.

A journal article with 3 authors

Froemke RC, Merzenich MM, Schreiner CE. A synaptic memory trace for cortical receptive field plasticity. Nature. 2007 Nov 15;450(7168):425–9.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Gorthi A, Romero JC, Loranc E, Cao L, Lawrence LA, Goodale E, et al. Author Correction: EWS-FLI1 increases transcription to cause R-loops and block BRCA1 repair in Ewing sarcoma. Nature. 2018 Jul;559(7715):E11.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Hagen J. Industrial Catalysis. Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2005.

An edited book

Jeschke S, Isenhardt I, Hees F, Henning K, editors. Automation, Communication and Cybernetics in Science and Engineering 2011/2012. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

De Petro P, Battiston B, Matteotti R, Petraz M, Molino D. Omero: diafisi. In: Faletti C, editor. Traumatologia scheletrica: Imaging integrato clinico-radiologico. Milano: Springer; 2016. p. 81–97.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Food Contamination.

Blog post

Andrew E. The Universe Really Is Weird: A Landmark Quantum Experiment Has Finally Proved It So [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/physics/universe-really-weird-landmark-quantum-experiment-has-finally-proved-it-so/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Applying Agreed-Upon Procedures: Fiscal Year 2009 Airport and Airway Trust Fund Excise Taxes. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2009 Nov. Report No.: GAO-10-92R.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Deshpande AS. Efficient idempotent methods for optimal control [Doctoral dissertation]. [La Jolla, CA]: University of California San Diego; 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Brantley B. Witches of Salem Are Back; You May Be One. New York Times. 2016 Apr 1;C1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Hartmann 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Hartmann 2002; Jadamec and Billen 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Jadamec and Billen 2010)
Three or more authors: (Gorthi et al. 2018)

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Food Contamination
Abbreviation	Int. J. Food Contam.
ISSN (online)	2196-2804
Scope

Research and Writing Guides