How to format your references using the International Journal of Food Contamination citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Food Contamination. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Yan H. Materials science. Nucleic acid nanotechnology. Science. 2004 Dec 17;306(5704):2048–9.

A journal article with 2 authors

Visscher M, Taylor T. Pressure ulcers in the hospitalized neonate: rates and risk factors. Sci. Rep. 2014 Dec 11;4:7429.

A journal article with 3 authors

Zhang PC, Keleshian AM, Sachs F. Voltage-induced membrane movement. Nature. 2001 Sep 27;413(6854):428–32.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Coquel F, Silva M-J, Técher H, Zadorozhny K, Sharma S, Nieminuszczy J, et al. SAMHD1 acts at stalled replication forks to prevent interferon induction. Nature. 2018 May;557(7703):57–61.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Tao F, Zhang L, Hu Y. Resource Service Management in Manufacturing Grid System. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2011.

An edited book

Guerrieri A, Loscri V, Rovella A, Fortino G, editors. Management of Cyber Physical Objects in the Future Internet of Things: Methods, Architectures and Applications. 1st ed. 2016. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

Brostow GJ, Shotton J, Fauqueur J, Cipolla R. Segmentation and Recognition Using Structure from Motion Point Clouds. In: Forsyth D, Torr P, Zisserman A, editors. Computer Vision – ECCV 2008: 10th European Conference on Computer Vision, Marseille, France, October 12-18, 2008, Proceedings, Part I. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2008. p. 44–57.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Food Contamination.

Blog post

Andrew E. Sea-Level Rise Has Claimed Five Whole Islands In The Pacific: First Scientific Evidence [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/sea-level-rise-has-claimed-five-whole-islands-pacific-first-scientific-evidence/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Review of the Policies and Procedures of the Office of Education in Administering Contracts Awarded for the Purpose of Studying or Evaluating Educational Programs. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1971 Apr. Report No.: B-164031(1).

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Richardson RS. A phenomenological hermeneutic study of radiology [Doctoral dissertation]. [Phoenix, AZ]: University of Phoenix; 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kleinfield NR, Rashbaum WK. Possible Clues In Fatal Chase, But No Motive. New York Times. 2013 Oct 5;A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Yan 2004).
This sentence cites two references (Visscher and Taylor 2014; Yan 2004).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Visscher and Taylor 2014)
Three or more authors: (Coquel et al. 2018)

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Food Contamination
Abbreviation	Int. J. Food Contam.
ISSN (online)	2196-2804
Scope