How to format your references using the International Journal of Exercise Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Exercise Science (IJES). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

McLaren A. Art imitates life. Science 288(5472): 1777, 2000.

A journal article with 2 authors

Jeoung J-H, Dobbek H. Carbon dioxide activation at the Ni,Fe-cluster of anaerobic carbon monoxide dehydrogenase. Science 318(5855): 1461–4, 2007.

A journal article with 3 authors

Unal E, Kinde B, Amon A. Gametogenesis eliminates age-induced cellular damage and resets life span in yeast. Science 332(6037): 1554–7, 2011.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Kim JV, Kang SS, Dustin ML, McGavern DB. Myelomonocytic cell recruitment causes fatal CNS vascular injury during acute viral meningitis. Nature 457(7226): 191–5, 2009.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Prazeres DMF. Plasmid Biopharmaceuticals. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011.

An edited book

Ambrus M, Wessel RA (eds.). Netherlands Yearbook of International Law 2014: Between Pragmatism and Predictability: Temporariness in International Law. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

Lei D, Chao L, Feng K. New Observation on Camellia. In: Selected Areas in Cryptography: 12th International Workshop, SAC 2005, Kingston, ON, Canada, August 11-12, 2005, Revised Selected Papers. Preneel B, Tavares S, eds. . Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 2006.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Exercise Science.

Blog post

Andrew E. Does Fracking Cause Cancer And Infertility? [Internet]. IFLScience. , 2015.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Demand Distribution Rolodex Card. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1993.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Bryant JD. The Investigation of Self-Determination in Students Participating in Higher Education with an Invisible Disability [Doctoral dissertation]. [ St. Charles, MO]: Lindenwood University, 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Greenhouse L. Treaty Doesn’t Give Foreign Defendants Special Status in U.S. Courts, Justices Rule. New York Times. A22, 2006.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (2).
This sentence cites two references (3,4).
This sentence cites four references (3,5,7,8).

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Exercise Science
ISSN (print)	1939-795X
Scope