How to format your references using the International Journal of Exercise Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Exercise Science (IJES). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Stewart I. Schrodinger’s mousetrap. Part 1. Nature 433(7023): 200–1, 2005.

A journal article with 2 authors

Stuart DR, Fagnou K. The catalytic cross-coupling of unactivated arenes. Science 316(5828): 1172–5, 2007.

A journal article with 3 authors

Asbury CL, Fehr AN, Block SM. Kinesin moves by an asymmetric hand-over-hand mechanism. Science 302(5653): 2130–4, 2003.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Tanaka M, Chien P, Naber N, Cooke R, Weissman JS. Conformational variations in an infectious protein determine prion strain differences. Nature 428(6980): 323–8, 2004.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Stockinger P. Audiovisual Archives. Hoboken, NJ USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013.

An edited book

Wasserman LH, Zambo D (eds.). Early Childhood and Neuroscience - Links to Development and Learning. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

Matsumura N. Communication Gap Management Towards a Fertile Community. In: The Grammar of Technology Development. Tsubaki H, Yamada S, Nishina K, eds. . Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2008.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Exercise Science.

Blog post

Andrew E. India Opens World’s First Ever Solar-Powered Airport [Internet]. IFLScience. , 2015.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Information Management: Issues Important to Farmers Home Administration Systems Modernization. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1989.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Crooks RH. Analysis Of The XY Spin 1/2 Model In Staggered Field And Networks Of D-Wave Josephson Junctions [Doctoral dissertation]. [Chapel Hill, NC]: University of North Carolina, 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Seymour M. How About a Nightcap? New York Times. BR11, 2015.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (2).
This sentence cites two references (2,4).
This sentence cites four references (4–6,8).

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Exercise Science
ISSN (print)	1939-795X
Scope