How to format your references using the International Journal of Electronic Commerce citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Electronic Commerce. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Jansen, L.E.T. Genetics. Sowing the seeds of centromeres. Science (New York, N.Y.), 335, 6066 (2012), 299–300.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Lemons, D.; and McGinnis, W. Genomic evolution of Hox gene clusters. Science (New York, N.Y.), 313, 5795 (2006), 1918–1922.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Müller, K.; Fedosov, D.A.; and Gompper, G. Margination of micro- and nano-particles in blood flow and its effect on drug delivery. Scientific reports, 4, (2014), 4871.

A journal article with 15 or more authors

1. Prinz, M.; Heikenwalder, M.; Junt, T.; Schwarz, P.; Glatzel, M.; Heppner, F.L.; Fu, Y.-X.; Lipp, M.; and Aguzzi, A. Positioning of follicular dendritic cells within the spleen controls prion neuroinvasion. Nature, 425, 6961 (2003), 957–962.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Ndjountche, T. Digital Electronics 1. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2016.

An edited book

1. Lewis, C.; and Coghill, K. (eds.). Parliamentarians’ Professional Development: The Need for Reform. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Burigana, C.; Capozziello, S.; Chiosi, C.; D’Onofrio, M.; Longair, M.; Mannheim, P.; Marziani, P.; Milgrom, M.; Olive, K.; Padmanabhan, T.; Peacock, J.; Perrotta, F.; Pigatto, L.; Rebolo, R.; et al. From Galileo to Modern Cosmology: Alternative Paradigms and Science Boundary Conditions. In M. D’Onofrio, C. Burigana (eds). Questions of Modern Cosmology: Galileo’s LegacyBerlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 2009, pp. 301–428.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Electronic Commerce.

Blog post

1. Andrew, E. What Happens When You Saw A Rubber Band Ball in Half? IFLScience, (2014).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. AIDS Education: Public School Programs Require More Student Information and Teacher Training. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1990.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Sevier, J. A preventative and treatment substance use program for GLBT adolescents in Long Beach: A grant proposal. (2013).

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Saslow, L. Town of Oyster Bay Seeks To Develop Waterfront Plan. New York Times, (2007), 14LI2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [2].
This sentence cites two references [2; 4].
This sentence cites four references [2; 4; 6; 8].

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Electronic Commerce
Abbreviation	Int. J. Electron. Commer.
ISSN (print)	1086-4415
Scope	Business and International Management Economics and Econometrics