How to format your references using the International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Zemlo T. The evolution of life-sciences sales. Nature. 2007;447:230.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Kress TL, Guthrie C. Molecular biology. Accurate RNA siting and splicing gets help from a DEK-hand. Science. 2006;312:1886–7.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Kuzuyama T, Noel JP, Richard SB. Structural basis for the promiscuous biosynthetic prenylation of aromatic natural products. Nature. 2005;435:983–7.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Sullivan NJ, Geisbert TW, Geisbert JB, Xu L, Yang Z-Y, Roederer M, et al. Accelerated vaccination for Ebola virus haemorrhagic fever in non-human primates. Nature. 2003;424:681–4.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Smed J, Hakonen H. Algorithms and Networking for Computer Games. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2017.

An edited book

1. Ralyté J, Franch X, Brinkkemper S, Wrycza S, editors. Advanced Information Systems Engineering: 24th International Conference, CAiSE 2012, Gdansk, Poland, June 25-29, 2012. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2012.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Komatsu T, Iwaoka T, Nambu M. Leaving a Message with the PaPeRo Robot: The Effect of Interaction Experience with Real or Virtual PaPeRo on Impression Evaluation. In: Harper R, Rauterberg M, Combetto M, editors. Entertainment Computing - ICEC 2006: 5th International Conference, Cambridge, UK, September 20-22, 2006 Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2006. p. 37–42.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries.

Blog post

1. Fang J. Gene For Beak Size In Darwin’s Finches Identified [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/gene-beak-size-darwins-finches-identified/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Weather Satellites: Action Needed to Resolve Status of the U.S. Geostationary Satellite Program. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1991 Jul. Report No.: NSIAD-91-252.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Wyers ML. An Investigation of Teacher Understanding and Perceptions of the Effectiveness of the Use of Learning Targets in the Classroom [Doctoral dissertation]. [ St. Charles, MO]: Lindenwood University; 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Johnson G. A Tumor, the Embryo’s Evil Twin. New York Times. 2014 Mar 18;D5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries
Abbreviation	Int. J. Diabetes Dev. Ctries
ISSN (print)	0973-3930
ISSN (online)	1998-3832
Scope	Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Internal Medicine