How to format your references using the International Journal of Coal Geology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Coal Geology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Hogan, C.J., 2002. Cosmology. The beginning of time. Science 295, 2223–2225.

A journal article with 2 authors

Kraemer, J.D., Gostin, L.O., 2012. Public Health and biosecurity. The limits of government regulation of science. Science 335, 1047–1049.

A journal article with 3 authors

Rosin-Arbesfeld, R., Townsley, F., Bienz, M., 2000. The APC tumour suppressor has a nuclear export function. Nature 406, 1009–1012.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Hirayama, J., Sahar, S., Grimaldi, B., Tamaru, T., Takamatsu, K., Nakahata, Y., Sassone-Corsi, P., 2007. CLOCK-mediated acetylation of BMAL1 controls circadian function. Nature 450, 1086–1090.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Stone, R., Gutiérrez-Albilla, J.D., 2013. A Companion to Luis Buñuel. Blackwell Publishing Ltd, Oxford, UK.

An edited book

Jin, D., Lin, S. (Eds.), 2012. Advances in Multimedia, Software Engineering and Computing Vol.2: Proceedings of the 2011 MSEC International Conference on Multimedia, Software Engineering and Computing, November 26–27, Wuhan, China, Advances in Intelligent and Soft Computing. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Namboothri, N., Fernando, S.A., 2012. Coral-Boring Fauna of the Great Nicobar Island, in: Venkataraman, K., Raghunathan, C., Sivaperuman, C. (Eds.), Ecology of Faunal Communities on the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 59–70.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Coal Geology.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2014. New Technology Allows Water Purification Using Sunlight [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/technology/new-technology-allows-water-purification-using-sunlight/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2004. Telecommunications: Issues Related to Federal Funding for Public Television by the Corporation for Public Broadcasting (No. GAO-04-284). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Ahmed, S., 2013. Human fatigue in prolonged mentally demanding work-tasks: An observational study in the field (Doctoral dissertation). Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Dunn, S., 2015. Who Lives, Who Dies. New York Times BR39.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Hogan, 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Hogan, 2002; Kraemer and Gostin, 2012).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Kraemer and Gostin, 2012)
Three or more authors: (Hirayama et al., 2007)

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Coal Geology
Abbreviation	Int. J. Coal Geol.
ISSN (print)	0166-5162
Scope	Economic Geology Geology Stratigraphy Fuel Technology