How to format your references using the International Journal of Clinical Rheumatology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Clinical Rheumatology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Reich PB. Climate Change. The carbon dioxide exchange. Science. 329(5993), 774–775 (2010).

A journal article with 2 authors

Yan Y, Pennycook SJ. Atomic structure of the quasicrystal Al72Ni20Co8. Nature. 403(6767), 266–267 (2000).

A journal article with 3 authors

Gershman SJ, Horvitz EJ, Tenenbaum JB. Computational rationality: A converging paradigm for intelligence in brains, minds, and machines. Science. 349(6245), 273–278 (2015).

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Zhao Y, Lu H, Yan A, et al. ABCC3 as a marker for multidrug resistance in non-small cell lung cancer. Sci. Rep. 3, 3120 (2013).

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Grose M. Construction Law in the United Arab Emirates and the Gulf. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Jonker W, Petković M, editors. Secure Data Management: 7th VLDB Workshop, SDM 2010, Singapore, September 17, 2010. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Khong TY. Spontaneous Abortion and the Pathology of Early Pregnancy. In: Fetal and Neonatal Pathology. Keeling JW, Khong TY (Eds.), Springer, London, 102–122 (2007).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Clinical Rheumatology.

Blog post

Luntz S. Skyscraper-Sized Sculptures Carved Beneath Greenland’s Ice Sheet. IFLScience (2014).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Customs Service Modernization: Ineffective Software Development Processes Increase Customs System Development Risks. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Yang Y. Statistical Analysis of cDNA Microarrays: A Systematic Approach to Identify MTF-1 Mediated Gene Expression Profile in Response to Cadmium. (2003).

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Apuzzo M, Risen J. Plan to Revive Waterboarding Faces Obstacles. New York Times, A1 (2016).

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Clinical Rheumatology
Abbreviation	Int. J. Clin. Rheumtol.
ISSN (print)	1758-4272
ISSN (online)	1758-4280
Scope	Rheumatology