How to format your references using the International Journal of Clinical Rheumatology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Clinical Rheumatology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Sommer MOA. Microbiology: Barriers to the spread of resistance. Nature. 509(7502), 567–568 (2014).

A journal article with 2 authors

Akeda Y, Galán JE. Chaperone release and unfolding of substrates in type III secretion. Nature. 437(7060), 911–915 (2005).

A journal article with 3 authors

Lambertucci SA, Shepard ELC, Wilson RP. Ecology. Human-wildlife conflicts in a crowded airspace. Science. 348(6234), 502–504 (2015).

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Rauhut OWM, Remes K, Fechner R, Cladera G, Puerta P. Discovery of a short-necked sauropod dinosaur from the Late Jurassic period of Patagonia. Nature. 435(7042), 670–672 (2005).

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Lyshevski SE. Engineering and Scientific Computations Using MATLAB®. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Slobounov S, Sebastianelli W, editors. Foundations of Sport-Related Brain Injuries. Springer US, Boston, MA.

A chapter in an edited book

Misra P, Viswakarma N, Reddy JK. Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-α Signaling in Hepatocarcinogenesis. In: Peroxisomes and their Key Role in Cellular Signaling and Metabolism. del Río LA (Ed.), Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, 77–99 (2013).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Clinical Rheumatology.

Blog post

Taub B. Smell Receptors In Lungs Could Hold Key To Treating Asthma. IFLScience (2016).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Strategic Airlift: Further Efforts Can Be Taken to Extend Aircraft Service Life. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Tafoya A. Impact of HIV/AIDS stigma on seropositive Latinos along the United States-Mexico border. (2010).

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kenigsberg B. The Listings; Film Series. New York Times, C28 (2016).

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Clinical Rheumatology
Abbreviation	Int. J. Clin. Rheumtol.
ISSN (print)	1758-4272
ISSN (online)	1758-4280
Scope	Rheumatology