How to format your references using the International Journal of Clinical Rheumatology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Clinical Rheumatology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Ghosh A. Neurobiology. Learning more about NMDA receptor regulation. Science. 295(5554), 449–451 (2002).

A journal article with 2 authors

Fedoroff N, Fontana W. Genetic networks. Small numbers of big molecules. Science. 297(5584), 1129–1131 (2002).

A journal article with 3 authors

Kolodner RD, Putnam CD, Myung K. Maintenance of genome stability in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Science. 297(5581), 552–557 (2002).

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Zhang J, Zhao Y, Xu C, et al. Association between serum free fatty acid levels and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a cross-sectional study. Sci. Rep. 4, 5832 (2014).

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Mackenzie B, Njikizana T, Coetsee D, et al. 2014 Interpretation and Application of International Financial Reporting Standards. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Gaber T, Hassanien AE, El-Bendary N, Dey N, editors. The 1st International Conference on Advanced Intelligent System and Informatics (AISI2015), November 28-30, 2015, Beni Suef, Egypt. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Bentsen HB. Polygenic Inheritance. In: Selection and Breeding Programs in Aquaculture. Gjedrem T (Ed.), Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, 35–43 (2005).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Clinical Rheumatology.

Blog post

Andrew E. Global Report Shows How To Beat The World’s Biggest Killers. IFLScience (2015).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. DOD Voluntary Education: Determining and Meeting Postsecondary Education Needs in Europe. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Poland MC. New cluster-based routing and multi-channel MAC protocols for vehicular ad hoc networks. (2010).

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly C. Instant Fortunes, and Sudden Headaches. New York Times, C1 (2007).

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Clinical Rheumatology
Abbreviation	Int. J. Clin. Rheumtol.
ISSN (print)	1758-4272
ISSN (online)	1758-4280
Scope	Rheumatology