How to format your references using the International Journal of Clinical Oncology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Clinical Oncology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Rokas A (2006) Genomics. Genomics and the tree of life. Science 313:1897–1899

A journal article with 2 authors

Quinn PK, Bates TS (2011) The case against climate regulation via oceanic phytoplankton sulphur emissions. Nature 480:51–56

A journal article with 3 authors

Aizen MA, Sabatino M, Tylianakis JM (2012) Specialization and rarity predict nonrandom loss of interactions from mutualist networks. Science 335:1486–1489

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Brandon CM, Woodruff JD, Donnelly JP, Sullivan RM (2014) How unique was Hurricane Sandy? Sedimentary reconstructions of extreme flooding from New York Harbor. Sci Rep 4:7366

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Balakrishnan N, Koutras MV (2001) Runs and Scans with Applications: Balakrishnan/Runs. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Kadyrzhanov KK, Rusakov VS (2006) SSP 2004: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Solid State Physics (SSP 2004), Workshop “Mössbauer Spectroscopy of Locally Heterogeneous Systems”, held in Almaty, Kazakhstan, 23–26 August 2004. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Ashida G, Wagner H, Carr CE (2010) Processing of Phase-Locked Spikes and Periodic Signals. In: Grün S, Rotter S (eds) Analysis of Parallel Spike Trains. Springer US, Boston, MA, pp 59–74

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Clinical Oncology.

Blog post

Andrew E (2016) From Flapper To Flipper: How The Penguin Lost Its Flight. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/flapper-flipper-how-penguin-lost-its-flight/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1982) Discontinuance of Social Security Student Benefits. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Julian A (2017) Guided Autobiography Themes for Older Adult United States War Veterans. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly K (2010) Achieving Techno-Literacy. New York Times MM21

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Clinical Oncology
Abbreviation	Int. J. Clin. Oncol.
ISSN (print)	1341-9625
ISSN (online)	1437-7772
Scope	General Medicine Hematology Oncology Surgery