How to format your references using the International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Nobrega, M. A. (2010). Journal club. A human geneticist explores the ways that genes are regulated. Nature, 466(7302), 11.

A journal article with 2 authors

Huneycutt, A. J., & Saykally, R. J. (2003). Chemistry. Building solutions--one molecule at a time. Science (New York, N.Y.), 299(5611), 1329–1330.

A journal article with 3 authors

Lund, D. C., Lynch-Stieglitz, J., & Curry, W. B. (2006). Gulf Stream density structure and transport during the past millennium. Nature, 444(7119), 601–604.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Hernández, P. A., Notsu, K., Salazar, J. M., Mori, T., Natale, G., Okada, H., et al. (2001). Carbon dioxide degassing by advective flow from Usu volcano, Japan. Science (New York, N.Y.), 292(5514), 83–86.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Kossiakoff, A., & Sweet, W. N. (2005). Systems Engineering Principles and Practice. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Toi, V. V., & Khoa, T. Q. D. (Eds.). (2010). The Third International Conference on the Development of Biomedical Engineering in Vietnam: BME2010, 11–14 January, 2010, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (Vol. 27). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Stranahan, A. M., & Mattson, M. P. (2010). Stress Hormones and Neuroplasticity in the Diabetic Brain. In S. Craft & Y. Christen (Eds.), Diabetes, Insulin and Alzheimer’s Disease (pp. 57–71). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education.

Blog post

Andrew, D. (2016, November 24). There Are 14 Wild Orange-Bellied Parrots Left – This Summer Is Our Last Chance To Save Them. IFLScience. IFLScience. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2009). Commuter Rail: Many Factors Influence Liability and Indemnity Provisions, and Options Exist to Facilitate Negotiations (No. GAO-09-282). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Santoso, E. (2012). Intellectual capital in Indonesia: The influence on financial performance of banking industry (Doctoral dissertation). University of Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wagner, J. (2017, September 18). For Some Major Leaguers, It’s Always Great to See ‘Friends.’ New York Times, p. D1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Nobrega 2010).
This sentence cites two references (Huneycutt and Saykally 2003; Nobrega 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Huneycutt and Saykally 2003)
Three or more authors: (Hernández et al. 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education
Abbreviation	Int. J. Artif. Intell. Educ.
ISSN (print)	1560-4292
ISSN (online)	1560-4306
Scope	Computational Theory and Mathematics Education