How to format your references using the International Journal for Quality Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal for Quality Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Viseu, A. (2015). Integration of social science into research is crucial. Nature, 525(7569), 291.

A journal article with 2 authors

Thompson, D. W., & Wallace, J. M. (2001). Regional climate impacts of the Northern Hemisphere annular mode. Science (New York, N.Y.), 293(5527), 85–89.

A journal article with 3 authors

Akbarzadeh, A., Qiu, C.-W., & Danner, A. J. (2013). Exploiting design freedom in biaxial dielectrics to enable spatially overlapping optical instruments. Scientific Reports, 3, 2055.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Sañudo-Wilhelmy, S. A., Tovar-Sanchez, A., Fu, F.-X., Capone, D. G., Carpenter, E. J., & Hutchins, D. A. (2004). The impact of surface-adsorbed phosphorus on phytoplankton Redfield stoichiometry. Nature, 432(7019), 897–901.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Norwitz, E. R., Saade, G. R., Miller, H., & Davidson, C. M. (2016). Obstetric Clinical Algorithms. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Loue, S. (Ed.). (2008). Health Issues Confronting Minority Men Who Have Sex with Men. Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Kressner, D., & Macedo, F. (2014). Low-Rank Tensor Methods for Communicating Markov Processes. In G. Norman & W. Sanders (Eds.), Quantitative Evaluation of Systems: 11th International Conference, QEST 2014, Florence, Italy, September 8-10, 2014. Proceedings (pp. 25–40). Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal for Quality Research.

Blog post

Taub, B. (2016, June 27). US Government Nips All Meaningful Cannabis Research In The Bud, Say Scientists. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/us-government-nips-all-meaningful-cannabis-research-bud-say-scientists/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2013). Status of the Department of Education’s Inventory of Its Data Collections (GAO-13-596R). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Hardison, A. (2017). Achieving Literacy Excellence through Identifying and Utilizing High Yield Strategies [Doctoral dissertation]. Pepperdine University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey, G. (2011, June 9). Message To Einhorn: Pay Reyes. New York Times, B10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Viseu, 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Thompson & Wallace, 2001; Viseu, 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Thompson & Wallace, 2001)
Three authors: (Akbarzadeh et al., 2013)
6 or more authors: (Sañudo-Wilhelmy et al., 2004)

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal for Quality Research
ISSN (print)	1800-6450
ISSN (online)	1800-7473
Scope