How to format your references using the International Journal for Academic Development citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Journal for Academic Development. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bodelier, P. L. E. (2015). Sustainability: Bypassing the methane cycle. Nature, 523(7562), 534–535.

A journal article with 2 authors

Palczewski, K., & Kiser, P. D. (2013). Biochemistry. As good as chocolate. Science (New York, N.Y.), 340(6132), 562–563.

A journal article with 3 authors

Corezzi, S., Fioretto, D., & Rolla, P. (2002). Bond-controlled configurational entropy reduction in chemical vitrification. Nature, 420(6916), 653–656.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Hou, Y., Du, X., Scheiner, S., McMeekin, D. P., Wang, Z., Li, N., Killian, M. S., Chen, H., Richter, M., Levchuk, I., Schrenker, N., Spiecker, E., Stubhan, T., Luechinger, N. A., Hirsch, A., Schmuki, P., Steinrück, H.-P., Fink, R. H., Halik, M., … Brabec, C. J. (2017). A generic interface to reduce the efficiency-stability-cost gap of perovskite solar cells. Science (New York, N.Y.), 358(6367), 1192–1197.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Wesley, L. D. (2010). Geotechnical Engineering in Residual Soils. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Kiritsis, D., Emmanouilidis, C., Koronios, A., & Mathew, J. (Eds.). (2010). Engineering Asset Lifecycle Management: Proceedings of the 4th World Congress on Engineering Asset Management (WCEAM 2009), 28-30 September 2009. Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Paulson, J., & Shields, R. (2015). Conflict-Fragility-Education. In Z. Gross & L. Davies (Eds.), The Contested Role of Education in Conflict and Fragility (pp. 45–62). SensePublishers.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Journal for Academic Development.

Blog post

Fang, J. (2014, August 19). The Beetle That’s Whiter Than Paper. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/beetle-thats-whiter-paper/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1977). Globe Safety Product’s Inquiry Regarding Firefighters Breathing Apparatus Developed for NASA by Scott Aviation Company (PSAD-77-68). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Onal, B. (2015). RFID feasibility study for check-out stations at supermarkets [Doctoral dissertation]. Southern Illinois University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Reinhart, M. K. (2010, November 21). Kathryn Bertine and George Varhola Jr. New York Times, ST14.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Bodelier, 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Bodelier, 2015; Palczewski & Kiser, 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Palczewski & Kiser, 2013)
Three authors: (Corezzi et al., 2002)
6 or more authors: (Hou et al., 2017)

About the journal

Full journal title	International Journal for Academic Development
ISSN (print)	1360-144X
ISSN (online)	1470-1324
Scope	Education