How to format your references using the International Emergency Nursing citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Emergency Nursing. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Sandidge JS. Arachnology: scavenging by brown recluse spiders. Nature 2003;426:30.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Fisher AT, Becker K. Channelized fluid flow in oceanic crust reconciles heat-flow and permeability data. Nature 2000;403:71–4.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Smith FG, Davies R, Lyne A. Bernard Lovell (1913-2012). Nature 2012;488:592.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Yu S, Park JG, Kahn JN, Tumer NE, Pang Y-P. Common pharmacophore of structurally distinct small-molecule inhibitors of intracellular retrograde trafficking of ribosome inactivating proteins. Sci Rep 2013;3:3397.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Lhabitant F-S. Hedge Funds. Oxford, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd; 2004.

An edited book

[1]

Tavernarakis N, editor. Protein Metabolism and Homeostasis in Aging. vol. 694. Boston, MA: Springer US; 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Bretos I, Calzada ML. Approaches Towards the Minimisation of Toxicity in Chemical Solution Deposition Processes of Lead-Based Ferroelectric Thin Films. In: Ricote J, editor. Multifunctional Polycrystalline Ferroelectric Materials: Processing and Properties, Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2011, p. 145–216.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Emergency Nursing.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew D. Diabetes Treatment Could Be Revolutionised By Making People Cold. IFLScience 2016. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/diabetes-treatment-could-be-revolutionised-by-making-people-cold/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Interdepartment Radio Advisory Committee: IRAC Representatives Effectively Coordinate Federal Spectrum but Lack Seniority to Advise on Contentious Policy Issues. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2004.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Goldgof GM. Drug Target Discovery Using Designer Drug Sensitive Yeast. Doctoral dissertation. University of California San Diego, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Oestreich JR. Period Band Saves Empress. New York Times 2017:C2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	International Emergency Nursing
Abbreviation	Int. Emerg. Nurs.
ISSN (print)	1755-599X
Scope	Emergency

Research and Writing Guides