How to format your references using the International Emergency Nursing citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Emergency Nursing. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Lichtenthaler SF. Cell biology. Sheddase gets guidance. Science 2012;335:179–80.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Steig EJ, Wolfe AP. Atmospheric science. Sprucing up Greenland. Science 2008;320:1595–6.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Liu Z, Zhang X-S, Zhang S. Breast tumor subgroups reveal diverse clinical prognostic power. Sci Rep 2014;4:4002.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Ko K, Araúzo-Bravo MJ, Tapia N, Kim J, Lin Q, Bernemann C, et al. Human adult germline stem cells in question. Nature 2010;465:E1; discussion E3.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Laheurte J-M, Ripoll C, Paret D, Loussert C. UHF RFID Technologies for Identification and Traceability. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2014.

An edited book

[1]

Khalil MM, editor. Basic Sciences of Nuclear Medicine. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Wernicke H-J, Plass L, Schmidt F. Methanol Generation. In: Bertau M, Offermanns H, Plass L, Schmidt F, Wernicke H-J, editors. Methanol: The Basic Chemical and Energy Feedstock of the Future: Asinger’s Vision Today, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2014, p. 51–301.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Emergency Nursing.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E. How We Recreated The Early Universe In The Laboratory. IFLScience 2015. https://www.iflscience.com/space/how-we-recreated-early-universe-laboratory/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Railroad Safety: Weaknesses in FRA’s Safety Program. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1991.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Berezin S. Catechols as membrane anion transporters. Doctoral dissertation. University of Maryland, College Park, 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Greenhouse L. Supreme Court to Hear Appeal Of Mexican Death Row Inmate. New York Times 2007:A16.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	International Emergency Nursing
Abbreviation	Int. Emerg. Nurs.
ISSN (print)	1755-599X
Scope	Emergency