How to format your references using the International Emergency Nursing citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Emergency Nursing. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Fisher CB. Public health. Clinical trials results databases: unanswered questions. Science 2006;311:180–1.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Saviane C, Silver RA. Fast vesicle reloading and a large pool sustain high bandwidth transmission at a central synapse. Nature 2006;439:983–7.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Goncharov AF, Struzhkin VV, Jacobsen SD. Reduced radiative conductivity of low-spin (Mg,Fe)O in the lower mantle. Science 2006;312:1205–8.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Trivedi OA, Arora P, Sridharan V, Tickoo R, Mohanty D, Gokhale RS. Enzymic activation and transfer of fatty acids as acyl-adenylates in mycobacteria. Nature 2004;428:441–5.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Chen N. Aerothermodynamics of Turbomachinery. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2010.

An edited book

[1]

Bursi OS, Wagg D, editors. Modern Testing Techniques for Structural Systems: Dynamics and Control. vol. 502. Vienna: Springer; 2008.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Wang DWD. The Urban Village of Huanggang: A Successful Communal Model? In: Cheng Z, Wang M, Chen J, editors. Urban China in the New Era: Market Reforms, Current State, and the Road Forward, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2014, p. 63–83.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Emergency Nursing.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E. NASA Flies Satellites Through Explosion In Space – And Starts To Unravel Mystery Of Magnetism. IFLScience 2016. https://www.iflscience.com/space/nasa-flies-satellites-through-explosion-space-and-starts-unravel-mystery-magnetism/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Executive Guide: Leading Practices in Capital Decision-Making (Superseded by AIMD-99-32). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1998.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Ashrafzadeh MH. Provision of community services for the mentally challenged population in Iran. Doctoral dissertation. University of Phoenix, 2008.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Gorman J. Study Puts a Little Distance Between Dinosaurs and Their Bird Relations. New York Times 2017:A16.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	International Emergency Nursing
Abbreviation	Int. Emerg. Nurs.
ISSN (print)	1755-599X
Scope	Emergency