How to format your references using the International Economics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Economics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Garwood, R., 2012. Reach out to defend evolution. Nature 485, 281.

A journal article with 2 authors

Belle, M.D.C., Piggins, H.D., 2012. Physiology. Circadian time redoxed. Science 337, 805–806.

A journal article with 3 authors

Hubbell, J.A., Thomas, S.N., Swartz, M.A., 2009. Materials engineering for immunomodulation. Nature 462, 449–460.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Nishimura, Y., Bortnik, J., Li, W., Thorne, R.M., Lyons, L.R., Angelopoulos, V., Mende, S.B., Bonnell, J.W., Le Contel, O., Cully, C., Ergun, R., Auster, U., 2010. Identifying the driver of pulsating aurora. Science 330, 81–84.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Davies, G., 2005. Designing and Developing Scalable IP Networks. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Amato, F., 2014. Finite-Time Stability and Control, Lecture Notes in Control and Information Sciences. Springer, London.

A chapter in an edited book

Crabtree, N.J., Kent, K., 2016. Acquisition of DXA in Children and Adolescents, in: Fung, E.B., Bachrach, L.K., Sawyer, A.J. (Eds.), Bone Health Assessment in Pediatrics: Guidelines for Clinical Practice. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 89–114.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Economics.

Blog post

Andrews, R., 2016. Extremely Messy Tardigrade Sex Has Been Filmed For The First Time [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1995. Title 6 T&A Data (NASA) (No. AIMD-95-140R). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Shurts, C., 2010. Superstructure (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Murphy, M.J.O., 2010. A Game That Turned Nixon Into a Factoid. New York Times WK2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Garwood, 2012).
This sentence cites two references (Belle and Piggins, 2012; Garwood, 2012).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Belle and Piggins, 2012)
Three or more authors: (Nishimura et al., 2010)

About the journal

Full journal title	International Economics
ISSN (print)	2110-7017
Scope	General Business, Management and Accounting General Economics, Econometrics and Finance