How to format your references using the International Dairy Journal citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Dairy Journal. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Crutcher, R. M. (2006). Astronomy. Testing star formation theory. Science (New York, N.Y.), 313(5788), 771–772.

A journal article with 2 authors

Harrisingh, M. C., & Nitabach, M. N. (2008). Circadian rhythms. Integrating circadian timekeeping with cellular physiology. Science (New York, N.Y.), 320(5878), 879–880.

A journal article with 3 authors

Dickinson, D. J., Nelson, W. J., & Weis, W. I. (2011). A polarized epithelium organized by beta- and alpha-catenin predates cadherin and metazoan origins. Science (New York, N.Y.), 331(6022), 1336–1339.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Monteiro, J. M., Pereira, A. R., Reichmann, N. T., Saraiva, B. M., Fernandes, P. B., Veiga, H., Tavares, A. C., Santos, M., Ferreira, M. T., Macário, V., VanNieuwenhze, M. S., Filipe, S. R., & Pinho, M. G. (2018). Peptidoglycan synthesis drives an FtsZ-treadmilling-independent step of cytokinesis. Nature, 554(7693), 528–532.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Hein, H., & Kunze, W. (2005). Umweltanalytik mit Spektrometrie und Chromatographie. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.

An edited book

Hofmeister, C., Crnkovic, I., & Reussner, R. (Eds.). (2006). Quality of Software Architectures: Second International Conference on Quality of Software Architectures, QoSA 2006, Västerås, Sweden, June 27-29, 2006 Revised Papers (Vol. 4214). Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Cansev, M., & Wurtman, R. J. (2007). 4 Aromatic Amino Acids in the Brain. In A. Lajtha, S. S. Oja, A. Schousboe, & P. Saransaari (Eds.), Handbook of Neurochemistry and Molecular Neurobiology: Amino Acids and Peptides in the Nervous System (pp. 59–97). Springer US.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Dairy Journal.

Blog post

Andrew, D. (2016, October 19). Why Do Science Issues Seem To Divide Us Along Party Lines? IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/why-do-science-issues-seem-to-divide-us-along-party-lines/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1991). Questions Remain on the Costs, Uses, and Risks of the Redesigned Space Station (T-NSIAD-91-26). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Belcher, J. T. (2009). Optimism, psychological well-being, and quality of life in females with Fibromyalgia Syndrome [Doctoral dissertation]. Capella University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wagner, J. (2017, March 11). Returning for Friendship, and Drums. New York Times, SP3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Crutcher, 2006).
This sentence cites two references (Crutcher, 2006; Harrisingh & Nitabach, 2008).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Harrisingh & Nitabach, 2008)
Three authors: (Dickinson et al., 2011)
6 or more authors: (Monteiro et al., 2018)

About the journal

Full journal title	International Dairy Journal
Abbreviation	Int. Dairy J.
ISSN (print)	0958-6946
Scope	Food Science Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology