How to format your references using the International Archives of Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for International Archives of Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Thomas RH. Evolution. Wingless insects and plucked chickens. Science. 2003 Mar 21;299(5614):1854–5.

A journal article with 2 authors

Liston C, Kagan J. Brain development: memory enhancement in early childhood. Nature. 2002 Oct 31;419(6910):896.

A journal article with 3 authors

Kassen R, Llewellyn M, Rainey PB. Ecological constraints on diversification in a model adaptive radiation. Nature. 2004 Oct 21;431(7011):984–8.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Albert BB, Derraik JGB, Brennan CM, Biggs JB, Smith GC, Garg ML, et al. Higher omega-3 index is associated with increased insulin sensitivity and more favourable metabolic profile in middle-aged overweight men. Sci Rep. 2014 Oct 21;4:6697.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Casandjian C, Challamel N, Lanos C, Hellesland J. Reinforced Concrete Beams, Columns and Frames. Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2013.

An edited book

Damiani E, Jeong J, Howlett RJ, Jain LC, editors. New Directions in Intelligent Interactive Multimedia Systems and Services - 2. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2009. XI, 556 p. (Studies in Computational Intelligence; vol. 226).

A chapter in an edited book

Rosenberger AL, Tejedor MF, Cooke SB, Pekar S. Platyrrhine Ecophylogenetics in Space and Time. In: Garber PA, Estrada A, Bicca-Marques JC, Heymann EW, Strier KB, editors. South American Primates: Comparative Perspectives in the Study of Behavior, Ecology, and Conservation. New York, NY: Springer; 2009. p. 69–113.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for International Archives of Medicine.

Blog post

Andrew E. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Watch Cheetah Give Birth To Four Cubs. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/watch-cheetah-give-birth-four-cubs/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. State Department: Problems in the Diplomatic Courier System. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1989 Feb. Report No.: NSIAD-89-39.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Proser M. Ingredients for Optimal Care: Exploring Factors Associated with Patient Quality Outcomes among Federally-Qualified Health Centers [Doctoral dissertation]. [Washington, DC]: George Washington University; 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey G. In Assessing Agassi, The Title Tells It All. New York Times. 2009 Nov 15;SP8.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	International Archives of Medicine
Abbreviation	Int. Arch. Med.
ISSN (print)	1755-7682
Scope	General Medicine