How to format your references using the Interfaces citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Interfaces. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Frische S (2012) It is time for full disclosure of author contributions. Nature 489(7417):475.

A journal article with 2 authors

Hines PJ, Zahn LM (2012) Plant metabolism. Green pathways. Introduction. Science 336(6089):1657.

A journal article with 3 authors

Yan W, Smith C, Cheng L (2013) Expanded activity of dimer nucleases by combining ZFN and TALEN for genome editing. Sci. Rep. 3:2376.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Bisson LF, Waterhouse AL, Ebeler SE, Walker MA, Lapsley JT (2002) The present and future of the international wine industry. Nature 418(6898):696–699.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Martindale W (2014) Global Food Security and Supply (John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Oxford, UK).

An edited book

Serdyukov P, Braslavski P, Kuznetsov SO, Kamps J, Rüger S, Agichtein E, Segalovich I, Yilmaz E eds. (2013) Advances in Information Retrieval: 35th European Conference on IR Research, ECIR 2013, Moscow, Russia, March 24-27, 2013. Proceedings (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg).

A chapter in an edited book

Ben Mena T, Bellamine-Ben Saoud N, Ben Ahmed M, Pavard B (2007) Towards a Methodology for Context Sensitive Systems Development. Kokinov B, Richardson DC, Roth-Berghofer TR, Vieu L, eds. Modeling and Using Context: 6th International and Interdisciplinary Conference, CONTEXT 2007, Roskilde, Denmark, August 20-24, 2007. Proceedings. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg), 56–68.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Interfaces.

Blog post

Hale T (2017) This Wind-Powered Ball Is The Godfather Of New Anti-Landmine Tech. IFLScience. Retrieved (October 30, 2018), https://www.iflscience.com/technology/this-windpowered-ball-is-the-godfather-of-new-antilandmine-tech/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1992) Student Financial Aid: Characteristics of Jobs Provided Through the College Work-Study Program (U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC).

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Wester AM (2013) Readers’ trust, socio-demographic, and acuity influences in citizen journalism credibility for disrupted online newspapers. Doctoral dissertation. (University of Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ).

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hubbard B, Kelly K (2017) Saudi Arabia’s Plan to Move Past Oil: Big Goals and Hurdles. New York Times (October 25).

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Frische 2012).
This sentence cites two references (Frische 2012, Hines and Zahn 2012).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Hines and Zahn 2012)
Three or more authors: (Bisson et al. 2002)

About the journal

Full journal title	Interfaces
Abbreviation	Interfaces (Providence)
ISSN (print)	0092-2102
ISSN (online)	1526-551X
Scope	Management of Technology and Innovation Strategy and Management Management Science and Operations Research