How to format your references using the Interdisciplinary Neurosurgery: Advanced Techniques and Case Management citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Interdisciplinary Neurosurgery: Advanced Techniques and Case Management. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

P.J. Armitage, Astronomy. Stars in the making, Science. 321 (2008) 1047–1048.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

M.E.J. Sheffield, D.A. Dombeck, Calcium transient prevalence across the dendritic arbour predicts place field properties, Nature. 517 (2015) 200–204.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

A. Kent, S. Massar, J. Silman, Secure and robust transmission and verification of unknown quantum states in Minkowski space, Sci. Rep. 4 (2014) 3901.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

K. Kullander, S.J.B. Butt, J.M. Lebret, L. Lundfald, C.E. Restrepo, A. Rydström, R. Klein, O. Kiehn, Role of EphA4 and EphrinB3 in local neuronal circuits that control walking, Science. 299 (2003) 1889–1892.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

A. De Vos, Reversible Computing, Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany, 2010.

An edited book

[1]

C. Mio, ed., Integrated Reporting: A New Accounting Disclosure, Palgrave Macmillan UK, London, 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

P. Borges, P. Monteiro, R.J. Machado, Mapping RUP Roles to Small Software Development Teams, in: S. Biffl, D. Winkler, J. Bergsmann (Eds.), Software Quality. Process Automation in Software Development: 4th International Conference, SWQD 2012, Vienna, Austria, January 17-19, 2012. Proceedings, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2012: pp. 59–70.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Interdisciplinary Neurosurgery: Advanced Techniques and Case Management.

Blog post

[1]

B. Taub, Watch This Origami-Inspired Robot Walk Around, IFLScience. (2015). https://www.iflscience.com/technology/watch-origami-inspired-robot-walk-around/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics Education: Strategic Planning Needed to Better Manage Overlapping Programs across Multiple Agencies, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2012.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

C.-S. Wei, Towards Brain Decoding for Real-World Drowsiness Detection, Doctoral dissertation, University of California San Diego, 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

M. Smith, R. Pérez-Peña, J.E. Bromwich, Iowa Man Surrenders After Two Police Officers Are Ambushed Overnight, New York Times. (2016) A15.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Interdisciplinary Neurosurgery: Advanced Techniques and Case Management
Abbreviation	Interdiscip. Neurosurg.
ISSN (print)	2214-7519
Scope	Clinical Neurology Surgery