How to format your references using the Interactive CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Interactive CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery (ICVTS). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1] Feldman DE. Physics. Electronically erased. Science 2014;344:1344–5.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1] Théry M, Casas J. Predator and prey views of spider camouflage. Nature 2002;415:133.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1] Stebe KJ, Lewandowski E, Ghosh M. Materials science. Oriented assembly of metamaterials. Science 2009;325:159–60.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1] DePaolo RW, Abadie V, Tang F, Fehlner-Peach H, Hall JA, Wang W, et al. Co-adjuvant effects of retinoic acid and IL-15 induce inflammatory immunity to dietary antigens. Nature 2011;471:220–4.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1] Ferrant J-L, Gilson M, Jobert S, Mayer M, Montini L, Ouellette M, et al. Synchronous Ethernet and IEEE 1588 in Telecoms. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: Hoboken, NJ USA, 2013.

An edited book

[1] Kao M-Y, Li X-Y, editors. Algorithmic Aspects in Information and Management: Third International Conference, AAIM 2007, Portland, OR, USA, June 6-8, 2007. Proceedings. Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg, 2007.

A chapter in an edited book

[1] Rosenkrantz GS. The Metaphysics of Persons. In: Turri J, Ed. Virtuous Thoughts: The Philosophy of Ernest Sosa Springer Netherlands: Dordrecht, 2013; pp. 55–72.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Interactive CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery.

Blog post

[1] Fang J. Fix fractured bones with silk screws. IFLScience. IFLScience 2014 [accessed 2018] .Available from https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/fix-fractured-bones-silk-screws/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1] Government Accountability Office. Head Start: Information on Federal Funds Unspent by Program Grantees. U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC 1995.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1] Winchester CL. Alleghanian plutonism in the eastern Blue Ridge province of the southern Appalachians: Origin and tectonic setting. University of North Carolina: Chapel Hill, NC 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1] Rosenberg E. Denise Matthews, 57, Singer Known as Vanity. New York Times. 2016 Feb. 17B16.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Interactive CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery
ISSN (print)	1569-9293
ISSN (online)	1569-9285
Scope