How to format your references using the Interactive CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Interactive CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery (ICVTS). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1] Cohn MJ. Evolutionary biology: lamprey Hox genes and the origin of jaws. Nature 2002;416:386–7.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1] Cerdán PD, Chory J. Regulation of flowering time by light quality. Nature 2003;423:881–5.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1] Weber W, Riesen S, Siegmann HC. Magnetization precession by hot spin injection. Science 2001;291:1015–8.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1] Craig O, Mulville J, Pearson MP, Sokol R, Gelsthorpe K, Stacey R, et al. Detecting milk proteins in ancient pots. Nature 2000;408:312.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1] Anwar S, Carroll JJ. Carbon Dioxide Thermodynamic Properties Handbook. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: Hoboken, NJ, 2016.

An edited book

[1] Capecchi V, Buscema M, Contucci P, D’Amore B, editors. Applications of Mathematics in Models, Artificial Neural Networks and Arts: Mathematics and Society. Springer Netherlands: Dordrecht, 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

[1] Pinder J. A Lady’s Guide to Salvation: The Miroir des dames Compilation. In: Green K, Mews C, Eds. Virtue Ethics for Women 1250-1500 Springer Netherlands: Dordrecht, 2011; pp. 45–52.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Interactive CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery.

Blog post

[1] Fang J. Cracks in Pluto’s Moon Reveal Underground Ocean. IFLScience. IFLScience 2014 [accessed 2018] .Available from https://www.iflscience.com/space/cracks-plutos-reveal-underground-ocean/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1] Government Accountability Office. Commuter Rail: Commuter Rail Issues Should Be Considered in Debate over Amtrak. U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC 2006.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1] Pence PL. Emotional intelligence, motivation, and retention among undergraduate students attending associate-degree nursing programs in Illinois. University of Phoenix: Phoenix, AZ 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1] The following scouting report on the Oakland Athletics was prepared by Tom Kelly, The Manager of The, with the editorial assistance of Michael Martinez. This Team Flattens Opponents. New York Times. 1988 Oct. 14D17.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Interactive CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery
ISSN (print)	1569-9293
ISSN (online)	1569-9285
Scope